Ben Campbell

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I am introducing a Senate resolution declaring April 3, 2002, as a National Day of Hope dedicated to remembering the victims of child abuse and neglect and recognizing Childhelp USA for initiating such a day. I am pleased to be joined in this effort by my friend Senator Herb Kohl and 18 of our colleagues who are interested in enhancing public awareness of child abuse and neglect. For far too long, our Nation has been almost silent about the needs of some of its most vulnerable families and children--those caught in the vicious cycle of child abuse. I believe we must bring all elements of society together to address this problem--the faith community, non- profit organizations and volunteers, as well as government--if our efforts are to be successful. Though I am encouraged by the statistics that show a continuing decline in the number of children who are maltreated, I believe we must do more to make sure that all children live in safe and loving homes. I urge my colleagues to act quickly on this resolution so we can move closer to erasing the horror of child abuse from our Nation's history.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I take this opportunity to express my support of the fiscal year 2001 supplemental appropriations bill. This bill contains funding, not only for the defense and security of our country, but also funding for the health and well being of American citizens. This bill contains funding I supported in committee for two issues that are vital to many in my home State of Colorado. I am referring first to the funding for the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act, RECA. Far too many people, especially in the West, now suffer from terminal illnesses that are the result of their work as miners who collected and transported uranium ore that was used in the production of weapons for our Nation's defense. For many, the risk of working with radioactive materials was unknown, hidden or minimized. The $84 million included in this bill will pay the IOU's our Nation made to these terminally ill workers in lieu of money. We, as a Nation, have a history of issuing IOU's a shameful practice of which I am sure I don't need to remind my colleagues. As a Nation we can and must do more than issue IOU's. Hundreds of these beneficiaries live in Colorado and they are in desperate need of that money that was promised to them last year. Dying has a way of making people desperate, especially when the money promised them in useless IOU's could be used for their care. There are many times we in this body act because we can. In this matter, we have the opportunity to act because we ought to. I thank my friends and colleagues, Senators Domenici and Bingaman, for their assistance and support with this, as many of their constituents are claimants as well. I would also like to express my strong support for additional funding for USDA's Animal Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). The $35 million included in this bill will allow APHIS to strengthen border inspections and improve monitoring of emerging animal and plant diseases, including Mad Cow disease, Foot-and-Mouth disease, and other livestock diseases. There has never been a case of Mad Cow disease in the United States, and there has not been an outbreak of Foot-and-Mouth Disease since 1929. But, considering the potentially disastrous effects if either disease spreads to our country, we must do everything we can to protect the American food supply. As a rancher myself, and having heard from fellow cattlemen, I share their growing concern about the potential devastating impact of these diseases. Colorado is home to 12,000 beef producers and 3.15 million head of cattle--more than the human population of 20 of our States. We must do all we can to protect them. I would like to thank my friend and colleague Senator Kohl for his support and assistance in this effort. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to Chairman Byrd and Senator Stevens for their leadership and support of this bill and particularly for their support of funding for RECA and APHIS. Mr. President, I urge my colleagues to join me in support of this important funding bill.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, along with thirty of my colleagues today I am pleased to introduce a resolution to recount the many contributions American Indians and Alaska Natives have made to this great Nation and to designate November, 2001, as ``National American Indian Heritage Month'' as Congress has done for nearly a decade. American Indians and Alaska Natives have left an indelible imprint on many aspects of our everyday life that most Americans often take for granted. The arts, education, science, the armed forces, medicine, industry, and government are a few of the areas that have been influenced by American Indian and Alaska Native people over the last 500 years. In the medical field, many of the healing remedies that we use today were obtained from practices already in use by Indian people and are still utilized today in conjunction with western medicine. Many of the basic principles of democracy in our Constitution can be traced to practices and customs already in use by American Indian tribal governments including the doctrines of freedom of speech and separation of powers. The respect of Native people for the preservation of natural resources, reverence for elders, and adherence to tradition, mirrors our own values which we developed in part, through the contact with American Indians and Alaska Natives. These values and customs are deeply rooted, strongly embraced and thrive with generation after generation of Native people. From the difficult days of Valley Forge through our peace keeping efforts around the world today, American Indian and Alaska Native people have proudly served and dedicated their lives in the military readiness and defense of our country in wartime and in peace. It is a fact that on a per capita basis, Native participation rate in the Armed Forces outstrips the rates of all other groups in this Nation. Many American Indian men made the ultimate sacrifice in the defense of this Nation, some even before they were granted citizenship in 1924. Many of the words in our language have been borrowed from Native languages, including many of the names of the rivers, cities, and States across our Nation. Indian arts and crafts have also made a distinct impression on our heritage. It is my hope that by designating the month of November 2001, as ``National American Indian Heritage Month,'' we will continue to encourage self-esteem, pride, and self-awareness amongst American Indians and Alaska Natives of all ages. November is a special time in the history of the United States: we celebrate the Thanksgiving holiday by remembering the Indians of the Northeast and English settlers as they enjoyed the bounty of their harvest and the promise of new kinships. By recognizing the many Native contributions to the arts, governance, and culture of our Nation, we will honor their past and ensure a place in America for Native people for generations to come. I ask for the support of my colleagues on both sides of the aisle for this resolution, and urge the Senate to pass this important matter.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I introduce the ``Ronald Reagan Commemorative Coin Act of 2001.'' The bill I am introducing today would accomplish two worthy goals. First, it would help honor Ronald Reagan, the 40th President of the United States. Second, it would also help raise much needed resources to help families across the United States provide care for their loved ones who have been stricken by Alzheimer's disease. I believe that a commemorative coin program would honor Ronald Reagan's life and contributions to our Nation, while also raising funds to help American families in their day to day struggle against this terrible disease. This legislation's worthiness and timeliness were underscored just last night when ABC televised a powerful program in which Diane Sawyer interviewed Nancy Reagan. Watching Mrs. Reagan as she so openly and eloquently shared touching insights about their ongoing struggle with Alzheimer's disease was moving. There is no doubt about the truly deep bonds that unite Ronald and Nancy Reagan and that we need to do what we can to fight the disease that has slowly taken its terrible toll on the Reagans and so many other American families. Ronald Reagan has worn many hats in his life, including endeavors as a sports announcer, actor, governor and President of the United States. He was first elected president in 1980 and served two terms, becoming the first president to serve two full terms since Dwight Eisenhower. Ronald Reagan's boundless optimism and deep-seated belief in the people of the United States and the American Dream helped restore our Nation's pride in itself and brought about a new ``Morning in America.'' His challenge to Gorbachev to ``tear down this wall,'' his successful revival of our economic power, his determination to rebuild our armed forces in order to contain the spread of communism, and his international summitry skills as seen at Reykjavik, Iceland, combined to help bring an end to the Cold War. Ronald Reagan left our Nation in much better shape than it was when he took office. As Alzheimer's sets in, brain cells gradually deteriorate and die. People afflicted by the disease gradually lose their cognitive ability. Patients eventually become completely helpless and dependent on those around them for even the most basic daily needs. Each of the millions of Americans who is now affected will eventually, barring new discoveries in treatment, lose their ability to remember recent and past events, family and friends, even simple things like how to take a bath or turn on lights. Ronald Reagan, one of the most courageous and optimistic Presidents in American history, is no exception. Shortly after being shot in an assassination attempt, Ronald Reagan's courage and good humor in the face of a life threatening situation were evident when he famously apologized to his wife Nancy saying ``Sorry honey. I forgot to duck.'' Unfortunately, once Alzheimer's disease takes hold, it delivers a slow mind destroying bullet that none of us can duck to avoid. As Ronald Reagan wrote shortly after learning of his diagnosis ``I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this painful experience.'' From the moment of diagnosis, it's ``a truly long, long, goodbye,'' Nancy Reagan said. Fortunately for all of us, when Ronald Reagan courageously announced in such an honest and public manner that he had Alzheimer's, rather than covering it up, he did a great deal to help alleviate the negative stigma that has long faced those suffering from this terrible disease. Much of the shame and pity traditionally associated with Alzheimer's was transformed almost overnight into sympathy and understanding as public awareness suddenly shot up and those suffering from Alzheimer's, and their families, knew that they were not alone. While Ronald Reagan's health didn't deteriorate right away, according to Mrs. Reagan, he had his good days and bad days, ``just like everybody else.'' In recent years, however, Reagan's condition has completely deteriorated. ``It's frightening and it's cruel,'' Nancy said, speaking of the disease and what it has done to her husband and family. ``It's sad to see somebody you love and have been married to for so long, with Alzheimer's, and you can't share memories,'' Mrs. Reagan said. In the introduction to a recently released book based on the touching love letters exchanged between herself and Reagan, Nancy elaborated on her sense of loss when she wrote, ``You know that it's a progressive disease and that there's no place to go but down, no light at the end of the tunnel. You get tired and frustrated, because you have no control and you feel helpless.'' She also said, ``There are so many memories that I can no longer share, which makes it very difficult.'' Nancy Reagan has earned our Nation's admiration for her steadfast and loving dedication to her husband as she has watched her beloved husband slowly fade away. Likewise, families all across our Nation, day in and day out, choose to personally provide care for their loved ones suffering from Alzheimer's, rather than putting them in institutions. They deserve our respect and support. Fortunately, Nancy Reagan has had access to vital resources that help her care for her husband. This is how it should be. Unfortunately, there are many American families out there who do not have access to these resources. This bill will help alleviate that by raising money to help American families who are struggling while providing care for their loved ones. Fortunately, funding for Alzheimer's research has increased significantly over the past several years. Ronald Reagan's courage in coming forward and publically announcing his condition played an important role in raising public awareness of Alzheimer's and paved the way for the recent increases in research funding. This bill would complement these efforts. Once again, the legislation I am introducing today authorizes the U.S. Mint to produce commemorative coins honoring Ronald Reagan while raising funds to help families care for their family members suffering from Alzheimer's disease. I urge my colleagues to support passage of this legislation. Ronald Reagan's eternal optimism and deep seated belief in an even better future for our Nation was underscored when he said, ``I know that for America, there will always be a bright future ahead.'' This bill, in keeping with this quote's spirit, will help provide for a better future for many American families. I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I introduce the ``Ronald Reagan Commemorative Coin Act of 2001.'' The bill I am introducing today would accomplish two worthy goals. First, it would help honor Ronald Reagan, the 40th President of the United States. Second, it would also help raise much needed resources to help families across the United States provide care for their loved ones who have been stricken by Alzheimer's disease. I believe that a commemorative coin program would honor Ronald Reagan's life and contributions to our Nation, while also raising funds to help American families in their day to day struggle against this terrible disease. This legislation's worthiness and timeliness were underscored just last night when ABC televised a powerful program in which Diane Sawyer interviewed Nancy Reagan. Watching Mrs. Reagan as she so openly and eloquently shared touching insights about their ongoing struggle with Alzheimer's disease was moving. There is no doubt about the truly deep bonds that unite Ronald and Nancy Reagan and that we need to do what we can to fight the disease that has slowly taken its terrible toll on the Reagans and so many other American families. Ronald Reagan has worn many hats in his life, including endeavors as a sports announcer, actor, governor and President of the United States. He was first elected president in 1980 and served two terms, becoming the first president to serve two full terms since Dwight Eisenhower. Ronald Reagan's boundless optimism and deep-seated belief in the people of the United States and the American Dream helped restore our Nation's pride in itself and brought about a new ``Morning in America.'' His challenge to Gorbachev to ``tear down this wall,'' his successful revival of our economic power, his determination to rebuild our armed forces in order to contain the spread of communism, and his international summitry skills as seen at Reykjavik, Iceland, combined to help bring an end to the Cold War. Ronald Reagan left our Nation in much better shape than it was when he took office. As Alzheimer's sets in, brain cells gradually deteriorate and die. People afflicted by the disease gradually lose their cognitive ability. Patients eventually become completely helpless and dependent on those around them for even the most basic daily needs. Each of the millions of Americans who is now affected will eventually, barring new discoveries in treatment, lose their ability to remember recent and past events, family and friends, even simple things like how to take a bath or turn on lights. Ronald Reagan, one of the most courageous and optimistic Presidents in American history, is no exception. Shortly after being shot in an assassination attempt, Ronald Reagan's courage and good humor in the face of a life threatening situation were evident when he famously apologized to his wife Nancy saying ``Sorry honey. I forgot to duck.'' Unfortunately, once Alzheimer's disease takes hold, it delivers a slow mind destroying bullet that none of us can duck to avoid. As Ronald Reagan wrote shortly after learning of his diagnosis ``I only wish there was some way I could spare Nancy from this painful experience.'' From the moment of diagnosis, it's ``a truly long, long, goodbye,'' Nancy Reagan said. Fortunately for all of us, when Ronald Reagan courageously announced in such an honest and public manner that he had Alzheimer's, rather than covering it up, he did a great deal to help alleviate the negative stigma that has long faced those suffering from this terrible disease. Much of the shame and pity traditionally associated with Alzheimer's was transformed almost overnight into sympathy and understanding as public awareness suddenly shot up and those suffering from Alzheimer's, and their families, knew that they were not alone. While Ronald Reagan's health didn't deteriorate right away, according to Mrs. Reagan, he had his good days and bad days, ``just like everybody else.'' In recent years, however, Reagan's condition has completely deteriorated. ``It's frightening and it's cruel,'' Nancy said, speaking of the disease and what it has done to her husband and family. ``It's sad to see somebody you love and have been married to for so long, with Alzheimer's, and you can't share memories,'' Mrs. Reagan said. In the introduction to a recently released book based on the touching love letters exchanged between herself and Reagan, Nancy elaborated on her sense of loss when she wrote, ``You know that it's a progressive disease and that there's no place to go but down, no light at the end of the tunnel. You get tired and frustrated, because you have no control and you feel helpless.'' She also said, ``There are so many memories that I can no longer share, which makes it very difficult.'' Nancy Reagan has earned our Nation's admiration for her steadfast and loving dedication to her husband as she has watched her beloved husband slowly fade away. Likewise, families all across our Nation, day in and day out, choose to personally provide care for their loved ones suffering from Alzheimer's, rather than putting them in institutions. They deserve our respect and support. Fortunately, Nancy Reagan has had access to vital resources that help her care for her husband. This is how it should be. Unfortunately, there are many American families out there who do not have access to these resources. This bill will help alleviate that by raising money to help American families who are struggling while providing care for their loved ones. Fortunately, funding for Alzheimer's research has increased significantly over the past several years. Ronald Reagan's courage in coming forward and publically announcing his condition played an important role in raising public awareness of Alzheimer's and paved the way for the recent increases in research funding. This bill would complement these efforts. Once again, the legislation I am introducing today authorizes the U.S. Mint to produce commemorative coins honoring Ronald Reagan while raising funds to help families care for their family members suffering from Alzheimer's disease. I urge my colleagues to support passage of this legislation. Ronald Reagan's eternal optimism and deep seated belief in an even better future for our Nation was underscored when he said, ``I know that for America, there will always be a bright future ahead.'' This bill, in keeping with this quote's spirit, will help provide for a better future for many American families. I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I take this opportunity to call to the attention of our colleagues the national convention of the American Gold Star Mothers which began on Sunday, June 24 and concludes tomorrow, June 27, 2001, in Knoxville, TN. The Gold Star Mothers is an organization made up of American mothers who lost a son or daughter while in military service to our country in one of the wars. The group was founded shortly after the First World War for those special mothers to comfort one another and to help care for hospitalized veterans confined in government hospitals far from home. It was named after the Gold Star that families hung in their windows in honor of a deceased veteran. Gold Star Mothers now has 200 chapters throughout the United States, and its members continue to perpetuate the ideals for which so many of our sons and daughters died. Over this past Memorial Day weekend, I participated in the Rolling Thunder rally on the National Mall to honor our Nation's veterans and remember those missing in action. During that time, I personally met some of the Gold Star mothers and was moved by their compassion, their commitment and the sacrifices they and their families have made for our country. I ask my colleagues to join me in recognizing the Gold Star Mothers for their many years of dedicated service and congratulating them on the occasion of their national convention.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, the Senate has begun to consider sweeping legislation which, if passed and enacted, will have significant consequences for all Americans and our health care system. This is an unprecedented opportunity to frame the debate for improving the quality of health care in this country. As most Americans know, we here in America have the best medical care in the world. The question is how to make that excellent care accessible and affordable for all Americans. We have an excellent health care system in our Nation, yet there are those who are not able to get good care when they need it. And, there are many in our Nation who tax and over-use the system. Somewhere between the excellence of our medical procedures and the demands placed upon them, we have a problem with delivery. In the debate now underway, we will be grappling with big questions. How do we make that excellent care available to everyone? Who gets the care? Who pays? Who is accountable? Those are the questions that need to be answered. Common sense demands we act reasonably in answering those questions. The debate is about the American right to have access to the best health care available. It is not a Republican or Democrat issue. It is a national issue as important as any we face, and to keep score now does not address our Nation's best interest. Let me be very clear: the best thing we can do for Americans is to ensure, and when possible, expand their access to quality, affordable health care. Let's use the debate on the differing proposals pending before us to work toward this goal.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, first I thank Senator Hagel for offering an amendment to S. 1 concerning the existing obligations the Federal Government has to Bureau of Indian Affairs, DOD and impact aid school systems. through numerous treaties, statutes, and court decisions, the Federal Government has assumed a trust responsibility to provide a quality education to Indian children. This duty includes providing school facilities that have such basic amenities as 4 walls, heat, and healthy air to breathe. Adequate facilities and such essential necessities are not being provided to many Indian children attending Bureau of Indian Affairs, (BIA), funded schools. Unlike communities that have a tax base to fund school construction, military reservations and Indian reservations are dependent on Federal resources. Nearly 4,500 facilities serve the Bureau's education program, consisting of over 20 million square feet of space, including dormitories, employee housing, and other buildings providing education opportunities to more than 50,000 students. These facilities serve more than 330 federally recognized Indian tribes located in 23 States through self-determination contracts, compacts and education grants. We are not dealing here with ``the unknown.'' The GAO and other entities have produced countless studies and surveys showing us that half of the school facilities in the inventory have exceeded their useful lives of 30 years, and more than 20 percent are over 50 years old. Numerous deficiencies in the areas of health, safety, access for disabled students, classroom size, ability to integrate computer and telecommunications technology, and administrative space have been reported by the Bureau. As a former teacher myself, I am appalled when I visit reservations and see first hand the many schools with leaking roofs, peeling paint, overcrowded classrooms, and inadequate heating and cooling systems. The studies have shown that such deficiencies have adverse effects on student learning. By not providing secure educational facilities, we are paralyzing these children and putting them at a disadvantage that they may never overcome. The Federal Government has responded to the problem in piecemeal fashion, often using temporary solutions instead of working on a permanent plan of action. For instance, in fiscal year 2001 President Clinton's budget requested $2 million for ``portables'' or trailer classrooms that have been used since 1993. To date, the BIA has purchased 472 portables and 20 percent of the BIA's total education buildings are now portable classrooms. The request states these trailers are needed due to overcrowding and unhealthy and unsafe buildings. It states that portables are used to replace buildings or parts of buildings that have ``poor air quality'' that result in what the BIA calls ``sick building syndrome.'' New funds for Indian school construction is one of the major focuses of President Bush's fiscal year 2002 budget request with $292.5 million slated for such purposes. Of the overall education construction budget, $127.8 million has been requested for the construction of six schools: Wingate Elementary, NM; Polacca Day School, AZ; Holbrook Dormitory, AZ; Santa Fe Indian School, NM; Ojibwa Indian School, ND; and Paschal Sherman School, WA. As of January 2001, the repair and rehabilitation, and renovation backlog for Indian education facilities and quarters stood at $1.1 billion and is even greater today. I understand the underlying notion of the Feinstein amendment, but I think this body should affirm our existing obligations to this Nation's DOD, Indian, and impact aid schools before we undertake even greater obligations.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I recognize the members of the World Champion Colorado Avalanche of the National Hockey League and their outstanding Stanley Cup Finals victory this past weekend. The Colorado Avalanche has proven the value of dedication, preparation and execution as they played through the regular hockey season, becoming the 2000-01 Presidents' Trophy winner, which is awarded annually to the NHL club that compiles the league's best regular season record, into the playoffs and in the Stanley Cup finals. As defenseman Ray Bourque declared in the playoffs this was Mission 16W, 16 wins to win the championship. Most folks know how great of a team the Avalanche proved to be in winning its second cup in six seasons. In addition, the Colorado Avalanche players and the entire organization overcame injuries to key players and pulled together to win the championship. Their younger players, the next generation of all-stars for the Avalanche, also deserve additional praise for their contributions when they had to step up and take leadership roles. Great teams are measured by sustained success and the Colorado Avalanche has proven they are one of the premier teams in the NHL. For the second time since coming to Colorado in 1995, the Colorado Avalanche has won Lord Stanley's Cup. A total team effort was exemplified by the Colorado Avalanche this season. Mr. President, I would also like to recognize several members of the Colorado Avalanche organization for their outstanding achievements during this past season. Specifically, Owner E. Stanley Kroenke, President and General Manager Pierre Lacroix and Head Coach Bob Hartley for their proven ability to assemble the necessary players and develop powerful lines that consistently provide victories for this franchise; Captain Joe Sakic, one of the best team leaders in the game today and a top scoring threat in the NHL; Goalie Patrick Roy, the anchor of the defense and the first player to win the Conn Smythe Trophy three times, which is awarded to the most valuable player of the playoffs; and defenseman Ray Bourque, whose 22 season quest for the cup is finally over. These people are the most recognizable names in the Avalanche's organization and are major contributors to the team's success. But, the total team effort is what made the Avalanche victorious. The entire team worked together, went after and achieved a common goal. Each team member deserves to be recognized: Peter Forsberg, Dan Hinote, Steve Reinprecht, Stephane Yelle, Chris Dingman, Chris Drury, Eric Messier, Ville Nieminen, Alex Tanguay, Milan Hejduk, Scott Parker, Shjon Podein, Dave Reid, Rob Blake, Greg de Vries, Adam Foote, Jon Klemm, Bryan Muir, Nolan Pratt, Martin Skoula, David Aebischer, Jacques Cloutier, and Bryan Trottier. The Avalanche's defense also proved they are in an elite class. When push came to shove, the defense only allowed 11 goals in the seven NHL final games against the New Jersey Devils, a team that is consistently one of the strongest teams in the league. Defense wins championships, and the Avalanche's defense proved this to be true. It is a special honor for me to make this Senate floor statement to honor the Colorado Avalanche. Today I invite my Senate colleagues to join me in congratulating the Colorado Avalanche in bringing Lord Stanley's Cup back to the Centennial State. Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the floor.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, I urge my colleagues to support the pending amendment which is based on my bill S. 231, the Seniors as Volunteers in Our Schools which I introduced on January 31, 2001. I am pleased that Senators Grassley, Akaka, Inouye, Craig, Baucus and Inhofe are cosponsors of that bill. Under this amendment, school administrators and teachers are encouraged to use qualified seniors as volunteers in federally funded programs and activities authorized by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, ESEA. Studies show that guidance by a caring adult can help reduce substance abuse and youth violence. Because every child deserves a safe learning environment, this amendment is an important step in ensuring that our schools provide a safe and caring place for our children to learn and grow. It will help build lasting partnerships between our local school systems, our children and our senior citizens. Seniors have practical knowledge and wisdom gained from experience. They are as important a part of our national future as are our young ones in school. Improving the opportunities for learning for all Americans has been the focus of recent debate. We have faced weighty and costly decisions about education and the role the federal government ought to play in the education of our children. But, there are also many practical opportunities we can offer in this endeavor that don't come at a high cost. My amendment offers such an opportunity. By making better use of all the gifts senior Americans have to offer, we can provide a framework to connect schools with appropriate seniors. My amendment does just that. I urge my colleagues to support prompt passage of this amendment.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I introduce the International Anti-Corruption Act of 2001. This legislation addresses the growing problem of official and unofficial corruption abroad. This bill is based on S. 1514, which I introduced in the 106th Congress. Endemic corruption around the world negatively impacts both the United States and the citizens of countries where corruption is tolerated. Overseas corruption directly hurts U.S. businesses as they endeavor to expand internationally. U.S. workers are affected when corruption closes doors to our exports. In addition, the honest and hard working citizens of countries stricken with corruption suffer as they are compelled to pay bribes to officials and other people in positions of power just to get the permits and licenses they need to get things done. The trade barrier created by corruption also limits the purchasing choices available to these people. Finally, many leading U.S. companies that are eager to invest and build factories overseas to produce consumer goods for consumption in those countries, often wisely choose not to do so because they are not willing to deal with the corruption they would encounter. Overall, honest and hard working people living all around the world suffer as productive output is unjustly harmed. As the Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, known as the Helsinki Commission, I am working to address the problem of corruption. In the 106th Congress, I chaired a Commission hearing that focused on the issues of bribery and corruption in the region of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, an area stretching from Vancouver to Vladivostok. During this hearing, the Commission heard that, in economic terms, rampant corruption and organized crime in this vast region has cost U.S. businesses billions of dollars in lost contracts with direct implications for our economy. In addition, two years ago while attending the annual session of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly in St. Petersburg, Russia, I had an opportunity to sit down with U.S. business representatives and learned, first-hand, about the many obstacles they face. Ironically, in some of the biggest recipients of U.S. foreign assistance--countries like Russia and Ukraine--the climate is either not conducive or outright hostile to American business. The time has come to stop providing aid as usual to those countries which line up to receive our assistance, only to turn around and fleece U.S. businesses conducting legitimate operations in these countries. For this reason, I am introducing the International Anti-Corruption Act of 2001 to require the State Department to submit a report and the President to certify by March 1 of each year that countries which are receiving U.S. foreign aid are, in fact, conducive to American businesses and investors. If a country is found to be hostile to American businesses, aid from the United States would be cut off. The certification would be specifically based on whether a country is making progress in, and is committed to, economic reform aimed at eliminating corruption. In fact, monitoring and measuring corruption, and the corresponding overall economic freedom, is nothing new. The Heritage Foundation regularly produces a comprehensive report entitled the ``Index of Economic Freedom.'' This year's 2001 report ranks 155 countries on the basis of 10 criteria, including ``government intervention, foreign investment and black market.'' While corruption is not identified individually in this report, you can bet there is a strong negative correlation between overall economic freedom and corruption. The more economic freedom you have, the less corruption you will have. It should be no surprise that the countries with the lowest levels of economic freedom are the very same countries that suffer from economic stagnation year after year. We owe it to the good people trapped in corrupt political systems to do what we can to help root out and get rid of this corruption. Under this bill, if the President certifies that a country's business climate is not conducive for U.S. businesses, that country will, in effect, be put on probation. The country would continue to receive U.S. foreign aid through that end of the fiscal year, but aid would be cut off on the first day of the next fiscal year unless the President certifies the country is making significant progress in implementing the specified economic indicators and is committed to recognizing the involvement of U.S. business. My bill also includes the customary waiver authority where the national interests of the United States are at stake. For countries certified as hostile to or not conducive for U.S. business, aid can continue if the President determines it is in the national security interest of the United States. However, the determination expires after six months unless the President determines its continuation is important to our national security interest. I also included a provision which would allow aid to continue to meet urgent humanitarian needs, including food, medicine, disaster and refugee relief, to support democratic political reform and rule of law activities, and to create private sector and non-governmental organizations that are independent of government control, or to develop a free market economic system. Instead of jumping on the bandwagon to pump millions of additional American tax dollars into countries which are hostile to U.S. businesses and investors, we should be working to root out the kinds of bribery and corruption that have an overall chilling effect on much needed foreign investment. Left unchecked, such corruption will continue to undermine fledgling democracies worldwide and further impede moves toward a genuine free market economy. I believe the legislation I am introducing today is a critical step this direction, and I urge my colleagues to support its passage. I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I introduce the International Anti-Corruption Act of 2001. This legislation addresses the growing problem of official and unofficial corruption abroad. This bill is based on S. 1514, which I introduced in the 106th Congress. Endemic corruption around the world negatively impacts both the United States and the citizens of countries where corruption is tolerated. Overseas corruption directly hurts U.S. businesses as they endeavor to expand internationally. U.S. workers are affected when corruption closes doors to our exports. In addition, the honest and hard working citizens of countries stricken with corruption suffer as they are compelled to pay bribes to officials and other people in positions of power just to get the permits and licenses they need to get things done. The trade barrier created by corruption also limits the purchasing choices available to these people. Finally, many leading U.S. companies that are eager to invest and build factories overseas to produce consumer goods for consumption in those countries, often wisely choose not to do so because they are not willing to deal with the corruption they would encounter. Overall, honest and hard working people living all around the world suffer as productive output is unjustly harmed. As the Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, known as the Helsinki Commission, I am working to address the problem of corruption. In the 106th Congress, I chaired a Commission hearing that focused on the issues of bribery and corruption in the region of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, an area stretching from Vancouver to Vladivostok. During this hearing, the Commission heard that, in economic terms, rampant corruption and organized crime in this vast region has cost U.S. businesses billions of dollars in lost contracts with direct implications for our economy. In addition, two years ago while attending the annual session of the OSCE Parliamentary Assembly in St. Petersburg, Russia, I had an opportunity to sit down with U.S. business representatives and learned, first-hand, about the many obstacles they face. Ironically, in some of the biggest recipients of U.S. foreign assistance--countries like Russia and Ukraine--the climate is either not conducive or outright hostile to American business. The time has come to stop providing aid as usual to those countries which line up to receive our assistance, only to turn around and fleece U.S. businesses conducting legitimate operations in these countries. For this reason, I am introducing the International Anti-Corruption Act of 2001 to require the State Department to submit a report and the President to certify by March 1 of each year that countries which are receiving U.S. foreign aid are, in fact, conducive to American businesses and investors. If a country is found to be hostile to American businesses, aid from the United States would be cut off. The certification would be specifically based on whether a country is making progress in, and is committed to, economic reform aimed at eliminating corruption. In fact, monitoring and measuring corruption, and the corresponding overall economic freedom, is nothing new. The Heritage Foundation regularly produces a comprehensive report entitled the ``Index of Economic Freedom.'' This year's 2001 report ranks 155 countries on the basis of 10 criteria, including ``government intervention, foreign investment and black market.'' While corruption is not identified individually in this report, you can bet there is a strong negative correlation between overall economic freedom and corruption. The more economic freedom you have, the less corruption you will have. It should be no surprise that the countries with the lowest levels of economic freedom are the very same countries that suffer from economic stagnation year after year. We owe it to the good people trapped in corrupt political systems to do what we can to help root out and get rid of this corruption. Under this bill, if the President certifies that a country's business climate is not conducive for U.S. businesses, that country will, in effect, be put on probation. The country would continue to receive U.S. foreign aid through that end of the fiscal year, but aid would be cut off on the first day of the next fiscal year unless the President certifies the country is making significant progress in implementing the specified economic indicators and is committed to recognizing the involvement of U.S. business. My bill also includes the customary waiver authority where the national interests of the United States are at stake. For countries certified as hostile to or not conducive for U.S. business, aid can continue if the President determines it is in the national security interest of the United States. However, the determination expires after six months unless the President determines its continuation is important to our national security interest. I also included a provision which would allow aid to continue to meet urgent humanitarian needs, including food, medicine, disaster and refugee relief, to support democratic political reform and rule of law activities, and to create private sector and non-governmental organizations that are independent of government control, or to develop a free market economic system. Instead of jumping on the bandwagon to pump millions of additional American tax dollars into countries which are hostile to U.S. businesses and investors, we should be working to root out the kinds of bribery and corruption that have an overall chilling effect on much needed foreign investment. Left unchecked, such corruption will continue to undermine fledgling democracies worldwide and further impede moves toward a genuine free market economy. I believe the legislation I am introducing today is a critical step this direction, and I urge my colleagues to support its passage. I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President. Today I submit a resolution to recognize and support the United States Olympic Committee and the 2002 Olympic Games. There are several reasons why I have a particular interest in the Olympic Movement and the U.S. Olympic Committee. I am the only Olympian in the United States Senate and Congressman Jim Ryan and I are the only two current Members of Congress to have been members of an Olympic Team. Years ago, I founded the U.S. Olympic Caucus with former Senator Bill Bradley and former Congressman Tom McMillan. In addition, the United States Olympic Committee is headquartered in Colorado Springs, CO, along with the Olympic Training Center. Many athletes are currently training at that facility for future Olympic Games and especially in preparation for the 2002 Olympic Games in Salt Lake City, UT. As I look back on the 1964 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan, I remember how proud I was to be on the U.S. Olympic Team. Carrying the United States flag in the closing ceremonies was one of the greatest experiences of my life. I remember how proud I was to be an American and an Olympian. I hold that moment in my heart and relive it at each new Olympic Games to this day. The Olympic motto is ``Swifter, Higher, Stronger'' and with that ideal, the Olympic Movement brings out the very best in all of us, athletes and spectators alike. I believe, along with the United States Olympic Committee, that competition and the athletes are the heart and soul of the Olympic Movement. This is the reason that I offer this resolution today. The United States Olympic Committee is to be highly commended for the prompt and decisive action it took after accusations of inappropriate solicitations surfaced. It is also to be commended for establishing the fully independent, United States Anti Doping Agency, USADA, to address the important issues of athlete doping detection, prevention and education. USADA is also headquartered in Colorado Springs and is leading the way for world anti-doping measures. I know how much good the games do for young men and women and for our country. I am convinced the United States Olympic Committee has done everything in its power to get to the bottom of allegations, punish those who deserve it, and return the focus of the Olympic Movement back where it should be, with the athletes. Most people don't realize that unlike many of the world's Olympic teams, the U.S. Olympic Team gets not one dime of Federal money to subsidize its sports operations. Our Olympic Team is solely supported by the contributions of millions of Americans and American businesses and corporations which are dedicated to the Olympic Movement. The Olympic Movement will endure and prosper only by the continued vigilance and the ongoing commitment of organizers and supporters, and by our unwavering support of the athletes who are the future of the modern Olympic Games. As we begin the countdown towards the 2002 Olympic Games, my resolution would designate June 23, 2000, as Olympic Day in recognition of the anniversary of the founding of the modern Olympic Movement. I urge my colleagues to support prompt passage of this resolution.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I express my support for H.R. 1836, the Tax Reconciliation Act of 2001. This bill is the largest income tax relief bill in 20 years and I believe the American taxpayers deserve and desire this legislation. The Tax Reconciliation Act goes a long way to relieve taxpayers of an unfair tax burden. This bill provides: broad-based tax relief by reducing tax rates; family tax relief by addressing the Marriage Penalty Tax and by immediately increasing the Child Credit to $600; $150 billion to Estate Tax Relief and by repealing the Estate Tax by 2011; $30 billion in education benefits and $40 billion in retirement and pension benefits, and by extending the availability of the child credit under the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) and by increasing the AMT exemption amount. I am particularly interested in the estate tax relief because again this year I introduced the Estate and Gift Tax Rate Reduction Act of 2001, S. 31. Estate and gift taxes remain an unfair burden on American families, particularly those who pursue the American dream of owning their own business. Why should family-owned businesses and farms be hit with the highest tax rate when they are handed down to descendants-- often immediately following the death of a loved one? These taxes, and the financial burdens and difficulties they create come at the worst possible time. Making a terrible situation worse is the fact that the rate of this estate tax is crushing, reaching as high as 55 percent for the highest bracket. That is higher than even the highest income tax rate bracket of 39 percent. Furthermore, the tax is due as soon as the business is turned over to the heir, allowing little time for financial planning or the setting aside of money to pay unscheduled tax bills. Estate and gift taxes right now are one of the leading reasons why the number of family-owned farms and businesses are declining. Quite simply, the burden of this tax is just too much. This tax sends the troubling message that families should either sell the business while they are still alive in order to spare their descendants this huge tax after their passing, or allow the value of the business to decline, so that it won't make it into their higher tax brackets. Whichever the case may be, it hardly seems to encourage private investment and initiative, which have always been such a strong part of our American heritage. I am pleased that the bill before us takes the important step of addressing this unfair burden. I will continue to work with my colleagues for the complete elimination of the death tax. I have heard people say that the cost of this bill is too great--that we can't afford it at this time. But I think since we now have a balanced budget and a significant surplus, then the American people deserve this tax relief and they deserve it now. The American people have earned this tax relief. I know that $1.35 trillion is a lot of money, but we have over a $3 trillion surplus and one reason we have a $3 trillion surplus is the taxpayers got their taxes raised too much. If the American people overpaid, then the American people should get their money back--that is just fair. The Tax Reconciliation Act of 2001 is the largest middle-class tax relief in twenty years and I think it is high time the hard-working taxpayer get this relief. I support this legislation and I urge my colleagues to do the same.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, first I would like to thank Senator Enzi for offering an amendment to S.1 concerning the existing obligations the Federal Government has to Bureau of Indian Affairs', DOD and Impact aid school systems. Through numerous treaties, statutes, and court decisions, the Federal Government has assumed a trust responsibility to provide a quality education to Indian children. This duty includes providing school facilities that have such basic amenities as 4 walls, heat and healthy air to breathe. Adequate facilities and such essential necessities are not being provided to many Indian children attending Bureau of Indian Affairs, BIA, funded schools. Unlike communities that have a tax base to fund school construction, military reservations and Indian reservations are dependent on Federal resources. Nearly 4,500 facilities serve the Bureau's education program, consisting of over 20 million square feet of space, including dormitories, employee housing, and other buildings providing education opportunities to more than 50,000 students. These facilities serve more than 330 Federally recognized Indian tribes located in 23 States through Self-Determination contracts, compacts and education grants. We are not dealing here with ``the unknown.'' The GAO and other entities have produced countless studies and surveys showing us that half of the school facilities in the inventory have exceeded their useful lives of 30 years, and more than 20 percent are over 50 years old. Numerous deficiencies in the areas of health, safety, access for disabled students, classroom size, ability to integrate computer and telecommunications technology, and administrative space have been reported by the Bureau. As a former teacher myself, I am appalled when I visit reservations and see first hand the many schools with leaking roofs, peeling paint, overcrowded classrooms, and inadequate heating and cooling systems. The studies have shown that such deficiencies have adverse effects on student learning. By not providing secure educational facilities, we are paralyzing these children and putting them at a disadvantage that they may never overcome. The Federal Government has responded to the problem in piecemeal fashion, often using temporary solutions instead of working on a permanent plan of action. For instance, in fiscal year 2001 President Clinton's budget requested $2 million for ``portables'' or trailer classrooms that have been used since 1993. To date, the BIA has purchased 472 portables and 20 percent of the BIA's total education buildings are now portable classrooms. The request states these trailers are needed due to overcrowding and unhealthy and unsafe buildings. It states that portables are used to replace buildings or parts of buildings that have ``poor air quality'' that result in what the BIA calls ``sick building syndrome.'' New funds for Indian school construction is one of the major focuses of the President Bush's fiscal year 2002 budget request with $292.5 million slated for such purposes. Of the overall education construction budget, $127.8 million has been requested for the construction of six schools: Wingate Elementary, NM; Polacca Day School, AZ; Holbrook Dormitory, AZ; Santa Fe Indian School, NM; Ojibwa Indian School, ND; and Paschal Sherman School, WA. As of January 2001, the repair and rehabilitation, and renovation backlog for Indian education facilities and quarters stood at $1.1 billion and is even greater today. I understand the underlying notion of the Harkin amendment, but I think this body should affirm our existing obligations to this Nation's DOD, Indian, and Impact Aid schools before we undertake even greater obligations.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, May 12th marks the twenty-fifth anniversary of the founding of one of the most significant human rights groups of the 20th century, the Moscow Group to Monitor Implementation of the Helsinki Final Act. On August 1, 1975, the United States, Canada, and thirty-three nations of Europe, including the Soviet Union, signed the Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Helsinki Final Act. Among the agreement's provisions was a section devoted to respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. The Soviet government viewing the document as a great foreign policy victory published the text, in its entirety, in ``Pravda,'' the Communist Party's widely circulated newspaper. That move proved to be decisive for the cause of human rights in the Soviet Union. A small group of human rights activists in Moscow, led by Professor Yuri Orlov, read the Helsinki Accords carefully and decided to take their government at its word. On May 12, 1976, at a press conference initiated by Dr. Andrei Sakharov, the group announced the creation of the ``Moscow Group for Assistance in Implementation of Helsinki Agreements,'' soon to be known simply as the Moscow Helsinki Group. Needless to say, the Soviet authorities were not pleased that a group of private citizens would publicize their government's deplorable human rights record. The KGB swept down on the Moscow Helsinki Group and made its work almost impossible. Members were imprisoned, sent to ``internal exile,'' expelled from the country, slandered as foreign agents, and harassed. Despite considerable hardship and risks, members of the group persisted and their work served to inspire others to speak out in defense of human rights. Soon similar groups sprang up elsewhere in the Soviet Union dedicated to seeking implementation of the Helsinki Final Act. By 1982, the three remaining members at liberty in Moscow were forced to suspect their public activities. Eventually, domestic and international pressure began to bear fruit and helped usher in dramatic changes under Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Political prisoners and prisoners of conscience began to be freed and longstanding human rights cases were resolved. In 1989, the Moscow Helsinki Group was reestablished by former political prisoners and human rights activists. In 1996, President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree formally recognizing the contribution of the Moscow Helsinki Group in the campaign to promote respect for human rights in Russia. Mr. President, ten years after the fall of the Soviet Union, the Moscow Helsinki Group continues to promote human rights and fundamental freedoms in the Russian Federation. Working with a network of human rights centers throughout the country, the Moscow Group provides a wide range of assistance to Russian citizens and residents seeking information about human rights. As Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation, I congratulate the Moscow Helsinki Group on its 25th anniversary and wish its members the best in their continued endeavors. Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the floor.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, I wish to update my Senate colleagues on developments in Belarus in my capacity as Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Helsinki Commission. The Commission continues to pay close attention to events in Belarus especially as they impact democracy, human rights and the rule of law. May 7 marked the second anniversary of the disappearance of Yuri Zakharenka, the former Belarusian Minister of Internal Affairs. In 1999, General Zakharenka, who had been critical of Belarusian leader Alexander Lukashenka and had attempted to form a union of officers to support democracy, was put in a car by unidentified men and taken away. He has not been heard from since. His fate is probably similar to other prominent Belarusian opposition figures who have disappeared over the last few years, notably Victor Hanchar, Antaloy Krasovsky and Dmitry Zavadsky. The Belarusian authorities have had no success in investigating these disappearances; indeed, there are indications that the regime of Alexander Lukashenka may have been involved. Opinion polls in Belarus have shown that a clear majority of those who are aware of the disappearances believe that they are the work of the Lukashenka regime. These disappearances embody the climate of disregard for human rights and democracy that has persisted since the election of Mr. Lukashenka in 1994. That disregard has intensified following his unconstitutional power grab in November 1996. Presidential elections are planned for later this year. Unfortunately, recent developments in Belarus do not inspire confidence that these elections will meet OSCE standards for free and democratic elections. Despite commitments made to the OSCE, Belarusian authorities continue to unlawfully restrict freedom of assembly and to beat and detain participants in peaceful demonstrations, as illustrated by the April 21 protest by youth activists. On April 27, Valery Shchukin, deputy of the disbanded Belarusian parliament, received a three month sentence for the dubious charge of ``malicious hooliganism.'' And on May 7, police arrested opposition activists who marked the anniversary of Yuri Zakharenka's disappearance. The activists held placards reading: ``Where is Zakharanka?''; ``Who's Next?''; and ``Where are the Disappeared People--Zakharanka, Hanchar, Krasousky, Zavadsky?'' Lukashenka continues his harsh assault on OSCE's efforts to develop democracy, characterizing domestic elections observers supported by the OSCE Advisory and Monitoring Group (AMG) as ``an army of bandits and collaborationists.'' This is only the last in a series of incredible accusations against the international community, including far-fetched allegations that $500 million had been earmarked in support of the opposition candidates. On April 25, the OSCE Representative on Freedom of the Media Friemut Duve canceled his visit to Belarus to protest the denial of a visa to his senior advisor, a U.S. diplomat Diana Moxhay who had earlier served at the U.S. Embassy in Miensk. The visit was to have examined the difficult media environment in Belarus, especially in light of the forthcoming presidential elections. I continue to have grave concerns that Presidential Directive No. 8, which imposes restrictions on assistance from abroad offered to NGOs for democracy building and human rights including election monitoring, could be used to block NGO activities and important OSCE AMGroup projects in Belarus. These and numerous other recent occurrences call into question the Belarusian government's willingness to comply with freely undertaken OSCE commitments and raise doubts as to whether the Lukashenka regime intends to conduct the upcoming elections in a manner consistent with international standards. As Chairman of the Helsinki Commission, I call upon the Belarusian authorities to conduct a real and public investigation of the disappearances. Furthermore, I urge the Belarusian Government to take the steps necessary in order for the presidential elections to be recognized as free and democratic as outlined by the March 7 Final Statement of the Parliamentary Troika. These are: transparency and democracy in the preparation and implementation of the elections, in particular the process of registration of the candidates, the composition of electoral commissions and counting of votes; equal access for all candidates to the mass media; refraining from harassment of candidates, their families and supporters; and freedom in carrying out their work for all those engaged in domestic election observation.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, I would like to announce that the Committee on Indian Affairs will meet on Thursday, May 10, 2001, at 2:45 p.m. in room 485 of the Russell Senate Office Building to conduct an oversight hearing to receive the goals and priorities of the Alaska Native community for the 107th Congress. Those wishing additional information may contact committee staff at 202/224-2251. permanent subcommittee on investigations

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I am pleased to introduce the Indian Gaming Regulatory Improvement Act of 2001 to make what I believe are necessary changes to the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. I am very pleased to be joined by Senator Inouye in this regard. The IGRA was signed into law in 1988 with two purposes in mind: to provide for and continue the economic opportunities tribal gaming presents to Indian tribes; and to provide a regulatory framework which ensures the integrity of tribal gaming--integrity that benefits tribes as well as customers of tribal gaming operations. In 1988, tribal gaming was a relatively new activity and in 13 years tribal gaming annual gross revenues have grown from $500 million to $9 billion. The IGRA requires these revenues to be spent by tribal governments for specific purposes including physical infrastructure, general welfare and the betterment of Indian and surrounding non-Indian communities. Out of 561 federally recognized tribes, there are 212 tribes that conduct some form of gaming. The old saying that the best social welfare policy is a job is true when it comes to tribal gaming. The economic benefits for these tribes, their members and surrounding communities cannot be ignored. For these communities collectively, unemployment has dropped significantly and workers, both Non-Indian and Indian alike, employed by these operations enjoy benefits such as steady income and good paying jobs, health insurance and retirement benefits. Additionally, tribes who operate gaming have been able to complement scarce federal dollars to provide for housing, health care and education for their members and to generate hundreds of thousands of jobs for Indians and non-Indians nationwide. The legislation I am introducing today closely resembles a measure I introduced in the last Congress and is not intended to be a comprehensive attempt to address all gaming matters that have arisen in the past 13 years. Rather, this bill takes aim at 6 very specific items: 1. With regard to gaming fees assessed against tribal operations, this bill will require the Federal National Indian Gaming Commission to levy fees that are reasonably related to the duties of and services provided by the Commission to tribes, and in certain instances to reduce the level of fees payable by those operations; 2. The bill establishes a requirement that fees paid by tribes can only be utilized for the specific activities of the Commission mandated by the IGRA; 3. It provides statutory authority for the Commission to establish, through a negotiated rule-making process, minimum standards for the conduct of tribal gaming, while still recognizing the primary responsibility of tribes to regulate gaming on tribal lands; 4. The bill authorizes technical assistance to tribes for a number of purposes including strengthening tribal regulatory regimes; assessing the feasibility of non-gaming economic development activities on Indian lands; providing treatment services for problem gamblers; and for other purposes not inconsistent with the IGRA; 5. It clarifies the current conflict between the IGRA and other Federal law with regard to the classification of certain games conducted by tribes; and 6. Last, to bring the Commission in line with all other Federal agencies it specifically subjects the Commission to the reporting and strategic and long-term planning requirements similar to requirements contained in the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (``GPRA''). While there are other matters that Indian tribes and others wish to address that are not included in this bill, I am hopeful that my colleagues will find this legislation to be reasonable and targeted to specific issues that demand our attention in this session of Congress. I ask that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I am pleased to introduce the Indian Gaming Regulatory Improvement Act of 2001 to make what I believe are necessary changes to the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act of 1988. I am very pleased to be joined by Senator Inouye in this regard. The IGRA was signed into law in 1988 with two purposes in mind: to provide for and continue the economic opportunities tribal gaming presents to Indian tribes; and to provide a regulatory framework which ensures the integrity of tribal gaming--integrity that benefits tribes as well as customers of tribal gaming operations. In 1988, tribal gaming was a relatively new activity and in 13 years tribal gaming annual gross revenues have grown from $500 million to $9 billion. The IGRA requires these revenues to be spent by tribal governments for specific purposes including physical infrastructure, general welfare and the betterment of Indian and surrounding non-Indian communities. Out of 561 federally recognized tribes, there are 212 tribes that conduct some form of gaming. The old saying that the best social welfare policy is a job is true when it comes to tribal gaming. The economic benefits for these tribes, their members and surrounding communities cannot be ignored. For these communities collectively, unemployment has dropped significantly and workers, both Non-Indian and Indian alike, employed by these operations enjoy benefits such as steady income and good paying jobs, health insurance and retirement benefits. Additionally, tribes who operate gaming have been able to complement scarce federal dollars to provide for housing, health care and education for their members and to generate hundreds of thousands of jobs for Indians and non-Indians nationwide. The legislation I am introducing today closely resembles a measure I introduced in the last Congress and is not intended to be a comprehensive attempt to address all gaming matters that have arisen in the past 13 years. Rather, this bill takes aim at 6 very specific items: 1. With regard to gaming fees assessed against tribal operations, this bill will require the Federal National Indian Gaming Commission to levy fees that are reasonably related to the duties of and services provided by the Commission to tribes, and in certain instances to reduce the level of fees payable by those operations; 2. The bill establishes a requirement that fees paid by tribes can only be utilized for the specific activities of the Commission mandated by the IGRA; 3. It provides statutory authority for the Commission to establish, through a negotiated rule-making process, minimum standards for the conduct of tribal gaming, while still recognizing the primary responsibility of tribes to regulate gaming on tribal lands; 4. The bill authorizes technical assistance to tribes for a number of purposes including strengthening tribal regulatory regimes; assessing the feasibility of non-gaming economic development activities on Indian lands; providing treatment services for problem gamblers; and for other purposes not inconsistent with the IGRA; 5. It clarifies the current conflict between the IGRA and other Federal law with regard to the classification of certain games conducted by tribes; and 6. Last, to bring the Commission in line with all other Federal agencies it specifically subjects the Commission to the reporting and strategic and long-term planning requirements similar to requirements contained in the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (``GPRA''). While there are other matters that Indian tribes and others wish to address that are not included in this bill, I am hopeful that my colleagues will find this legislation to be reasonable and targeted to specific issues that demand our attention in this session of Congress. I ask that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I am joined by Senators Dodd and Voinovich, fellow members of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, in submitting a Concurrent Resolution congratulating the people of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania on the tenth anniversary of the restoration of their full independence. The resolution also calls on the President of the United States to build upon the close and mutually beneficial relations with Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania that have existed since the restoration of their full independence. This year marks the tenth anniversary of the reestablishment of full independence to the Baltic nations of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania after almost five decades of illegal and brutal incorporation into the Soviet Union. The Baltic nations were independent between World War I and World War II. Their freedom and independence were stolen from them in a secret deal struck between Hitler and Stalin. During the Soviet era, thousands of Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians were executed, imprisoned or exiled by the Soviet regime as Moscow attempted to repress any resistance to its rule. Besides physically persecuting individuals, the Soviet Union also tried to destroy the rich heritage of the Baltic people, by degrading their culture and attempting to replace their native languages with Russian. It didn't work. The Baltic people never gave up their hope for freedom and their long-held dream of independence. Moreover, during the Soviet period of ``glasnost'' and ``perestroika,'' the Baltic people led the struggle for democratic reform and national consciousness. In the ten years following the restoration of their full independence, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania have demonstrated their commitment to democracy, human rights, and rule of law at home. At the same time, they have actively participated in a wide range of international structures, while pursuing further integration into European political, economic and security organizations. Earlier today I had the pleasure to meet with President Vike- Freiberga of Latvia, in my capacity as Chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. I was joined by Co-Chairman Chris Smith and fellow Commissioner Zach Wamp. President Vike-Freiberga struck us as an impressive leader during our wide-ranging discussion of Euro-Atlantic cooperation and Latvia's development since the restoration of independence. Therefore, it is fitting that we introduce this resolution today, coinciding with President Vike-Freiberga's working visit to Washington. I urge my colleagues to join in supporting this resolution.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, in my capacity as chairman of the Helsinki Commission, I take this opportunity to let my colleagues know that on Sunday, April 8, Roma from around the world will commemorate the 30th anniversary of the inaugural meeting of World Romani Congress. In countries across Europe as well as in North America, Roma will gather together to demonstrate solidarity with each other and to draw attention to the human rights violations they continue to face. Roma are a dispersed minority, present in virtually every country in the region covered by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, OSCE, including the United States. They first arrived in Europe around the 13th century, after migrating from Northern India and their language, Romani, is related to Sanskrit. Roma were enslaved in what is now modern Romania and Moldova until 1864 and, in much of the rest of Europe, the Romani experience has been marked by pronounced social exclusion. The single most defining experience for Roma in the 20th century was the Holocaust, known in Romani as the Porrajmos, the Devouring. During the war itself, Roma were targeted for death by the Nazis based on their ethnicity. At least 23,000 Roma were brought to Auschwitz. Almost all of them perished in the gas chambers or from starvation, exhaustion, or disease. Not quite a year ago, the Helsinki Commission, which I now chair, held a hearing on Romani human rights issues. I heard from a panel of six witnesses, four of whom were Romani, about the problems Roma continue to face. Unfortunately, since the fall of Communism, the situation for Roma in many post-Communist countries has actually gotten worse. As Ina Zoon said, ``the defense of Roma rights in Europe is probably one of the biggest failures of the human rights battle in the last ten years.'' The more I learn about the plight of Roma, the more I am struck by certain parallels with the experience of American Indians here in our own country. Increasingly, Roma have begun to raise their voices not in search of special treatment, but for an opportunity to freely exercise their human rights and fundamental freedoms without discrimination. At the OSCE's Summit of Heads of State and Government, held in Istanbul in 1999, the United States strongly supported the commitment, adopted by all OSCE participating States, to adopt anti-discrimination legislation to protect Roma. It is heartening that a number of Central European governments, countries where Roma are the most numerous, have publicly recognized the need to adopt legislation that will protect Roma from the discrimination they face. The adoption last year of the European Union's ``race directive'', which will require all current EU member states, as well as applicant countries to adopt comprehensive anti-discrimination legislation, should spur this effort. The Helsinki Commission will continue to monitor the plight of the Roma in the 107th Congress.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I want to recognize and congratulate a special Coloradan, John A. Love, for his promotion to Major General of the Colorado Air National Guard. Just last week, on March 30, 2001, John Love, who is better known as Andy by his family and friends, earned his second star as a Major General when the U.S. Senate unanimously approved his promotion. His promotion to Major General was Andy's 7th promotion since he first started his military career with the Colorado National Guard as a Second Lieutenant on June 1st, 1968. I send my congratulations to Andy from the floor of the U.S. Senate for this well deserved promotion. Major General Andy Love's roots run deep and true in Colorado. His distinguished father, John Arthur Love, was elected to serve as the Governor of Colorado three times. Governor Love was first elected Governor in 1962 and served the people of Colorado well. Governor Love also served as the Chairman of the National Governors' Conference from 1969-1970. In 1972, his time as Governor ended when he was appointed by President Nixon to serve as our nation's first Director of the Energy Policy Office, a predecessor of the U.S. Department of Energy. In addition, Andy's sister, Rebecca Love Kourlis, currently serves the people of Colorado as a Justice on the Colorado Supreme Court. Other members of the Love family have also served Colorado, and continue to serve to this day. Major General Love's career with the Colorado Air National Guard has gone far beyond the ``one weekend a month, two weeks a year'' commitment we usually think of when we think of this kind of service. For the past 34 years, Andy has dedicated time every week, putting in more than 2,500 flying hours. He did this to keep his skills as a fighter pilot sharp and current. Over the past 34 years he has mastered several generations of fighters, including the F-100, A-7 and F-16. Andy's proficiency and commitment has been underscored twice by his winning the squadron's ``Top Gun'' award, and he won these distinctions on two different fighter jets. In his newest role, Major General Love serves as an assistant to the commander of the Air Force Space Command and the director of Air National Guard Forces at Peterson Air Force Base. He is responsible for advising the commander on all issues impacting the Air National Guard and provides administrative oversight of assigned personnel. He also is slated with assuring the successful planning, programming and execution of the Guard's missions, including total force and space operations. While serving our nation, and the state of Colorado, is an important part of Andy's active and busy life's work, it is important to point out that it is just one of numerous other important parts of his life. He also has a civilian job as a Principal of Morrison, Love & Company. For nearly 10 years, Andy has been married to a charming and successful lady, Virginia Morrison Love. Not only is Virginia his partner in life, she is also one of Andy's key partners in his civilian job. Virginia's 15-plus years of government affairs experience and accumulated expertise enable her as a partner in her role as a Principal at Morrison, Love & Company. Her community service also distinguishes her as one of Colorado's leading ladies. Like his wife, Major General Love also has dedicated many hours to community service. He serves as the Chairman of the Denver Health and Hospital Foundation, as a member of Colorado's State Board of Agriculture and as a member of the Cherry Hills Planning and Zoning Commission, just to name a few. In his free time, which I understand is quite limited due to his public service and work and family commitments, Andy enjoys fly fishing and vigorous horseback riding. I understand that each summer, Andy sets off on a week-long pack trip along Colorado's Continental Divide with the Roundup Riders of the Rockies. Major General Love is an outstanding Coloradan and a patriotic American. He has earned, and deserves, our appreciation and applause.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I am introducing a bill to prohibit the cloning of human beings. This bill, which is similar to the bill I introduced in 1998, would be an outright ban on human cloning, whether publicly or privately funded. My bill intends to prohibit human reproductive cloning in a comprehensive manner. It includes a ban on the use of human and animal tissues for the purpose of creating a cloned human child. However, this bill does not address the prohibition of embryo cloning, nor does this bill extend to cloning technologies for animals or plants. Though an executive order in 1997 banned the use of federal money for any project involving the cloning of humans, no law limits such research with private funds. And, though the Food and Drug Administration has declared its authority to regulate human cloning, we have very recently heard testimony before a House subcommittee stating that several research groups are moving ahead in their experiments without such approval. In addition to the moral dilemma this process presents, a recent Time/CNN poll shows 90 percent of the respondents think it is a bad idea to clone human beings. And, as a nation, we are not alone in rejecting both the notion and the practice of altering creation. There is broad international agreement that the cloning of human beings for reproductive purposes should be prohibited. I am not a scientist and do not wish to insert myself in the process of scientific research and the advances from that research from which we all benefit. However, when science and technology cross over the boundary of what is ethically and morally appropriate, I believe I have an obligation to respond on behalf of myself and my constituents. Congress, and its law-making authority, is the only mechanism available to assert the will of the American people that human cloning not go forward. I believe now is the time to enact an immediate ban on such efforts before this research opens doors we will never be able to close. I urge my colleagues to take swift action to impose a ban on human cloning. In doing so, we must ensure that the prohibition is comprehensive, and covers all possible techniques in this rapidly advancing field. We are all aware of the announced efforts to move forward with human cloning experiments so we must act quickly. I urge my colleagues to work together so we can pass a bill to prevent these and future efforts to clone humans. I thank the chair and ask unanimous consent that the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. CAMPBELL

Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, today I am introducing a bill to prohibit the cloning of human beings. This bill, which is similar to the bill I introduced in 1998, would be an outright ban on human cloning, whether publicly or privately funded. My bill intends to prohibit human reproductive cloning in a comprehensive manner. It includes a ban on the use of human and animal tissues for the purpose of creating a cloned human child. However, this bill does not address the prohibition of embryo cloning, nor does this bill extend to cloning technologies for animals or plants. Though an executive order in 1997 banned the use of federal money for any project involving the cloning of humans, no law limits such research with private funds. And, though the Food and Drug Administration has declared its authority to regulate human cloning, we have very recently heard testimony before a House subcommittee stating that several research groups are moving ahead in their experiments without such approval. In addition to the moral dilemma this process presents, a recent Time/CNN poll shows 90 percent of the respondents think it is a bad idea to clone human beings. And, as a nation, we are not alone in rejecting both the notion and the practice of altering creation. There is broad international agreement that the cloning of human beings for reproductive purposes should be prohibited. I am not a scientist and do not wish to insert myself in the process of scientific research and the advances from that research from which we all benefit. However, when science and technology cross over the boundary of what is ethically and morally appropriate, I believe I have an obligation to respond on behalf of myself and my constituents. Congress, and its law-making authority, is the only mechanism available to assert the will of the American people that human cloning not go forward. I believe now is the time to enact an immediate ban on such efforts before this research opens doors we will never be able to close. I urge my colleagues to take swift action to impose a ban on human cloning. In doing so, we must ensure that the prohibition is comprehensive, and covers all possible techniques in this rapidly advancing field. We are all aware of the announced efforts to move forward with human cloning experiments so we must act quickly. I urge my colleagues to work together so we can pass a bill to prevent these and future efforts to clone humans. I thank the chair and ask unanimous consent that the bill be printed in the Record.