Gerald Connolly

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize the Dunn Loring Volunteer Fire and Rescue Department, and to congratulate the incoming 2016 officers and board members. The Dunn Loring Volunteer Fire and Rescue Department (DLVFRD) is 1 of 12 volunteer fire departments in Fairfax County, and since its founding in 1942, it has provided lifesaving, fire suppression/ prevention, and emergency medical/rescue services to the residents of the Dunn Loring area and the surrounding community. Currently, the Dunn Loring Volunteer Fire and Rescue Department and Ladies Auxiliary operates from Station 13 on Gallows Road and boasts 80 active members. Alongside career firefighters, these brave volunteers contribute more than 29,000 hours each year to enhance public safety for more than 23,000 citizens and hundreds of businesses in the Dunn Loring area. It is my honor to submit the following names of the 2016 officers and board members: Jaime Wolfin, President Kenneth Kubiak, Vice President Tammy Lauver, Secretary Richard Morani, Treasurer Shawn Stokes, Chief Michael Masciola, Trustee Keith Edgemon, Trustee Eugene Tighe, Trustee Michael Van Dyke, Trustee Ryan Robinson, Trustee Alan Caldwell, Trustee Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in congratulating the 2016 officers and board members and in commending the Dunn Loring Volunteer Fire and Rescue Department for 74 years of service. I also extend my personal thanks to the outgoing DLVFRD officers and trustees for 2015. All these brave men and women deserve our highest praise for their dedication to public safety, and to each of them I say: ``Stay safe.''

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize Mrs. Lorraine Bushrod Jackson of Springfield, Virginia, and to commend her years of service to her church and community. Mrs. Jackson has been a member of the Shiloh Baptist Church for 73 years, beginning in 1943. Shiloh Baptist Church is one of oldest churches in Northern Virginia and has been designated a historical site by the Fairfax County Historical Commission. At the age of 10, Mrs. Jackson joined the Shiloh Baptist Church. Her parents, Gladys Cordelia Bushrod and Courtney Bushrod were members and raised their family within the church community. Mrs. Jackson has remained a faithful member of Shiloh Baptist Church since that time, as have her three remaining siblings: Shirley, Gwendolyn, and Barbara. For 35 years, from 1978 to 2013, Mrs. Jackson served as the Financial Secretary of Shiloh Baptist Church. When Mrs. Jackson first accepted the position of Financial Secretary she lived in Capitol Heights, Md., and traveled to Lorton regularly to perform her duties. She was truly dedicated and committed to doing her job and serving the church. While serving in this capacity, she implemented numerous enhancements that improved the functionality and financial reporting capabilities including establishment of a voucher system, creation of budget line items that allowed the various ministries to better track their funds, introduction of Church Plus Financial System for more accurate record keeping of member's donations and church expenses, and preparation of year-end statements to church members. Mrs. Jackson has also served in other ministries over the years. She was an active missionary, as well as church historian and usher, and she served on a number of committees including the Hospitality Committee and Cemetery Committee. She also represented Shiloh Baptist Church on the Seeds of Independence Committee at Gunston Hall. Despite recent physical limitations, Mrs. Jackson is currently President of the (Primetimers) Senior Ministry. Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Lorraine Bushrod Jackson epitomizes living one's faith through service to her church and the community. I commend Mrs. Jackson for her dedicated and faithful service to the Shiloh Baptist congregation and ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating her on her many accomplishments and wishing her health, happiness, and success in all future endeavors.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize the 2015 recipients of the Northern Virginia Leadership Awards presented by Leadership Fairfax. Leadership Fairfax is a nonprofit corporation dedicated to finding, training, and growing leaders in Northern Virginia. The mission of Leadership Fairfax is to educate, prepare, inspire, and connect leaders to serve and strengthen our community. Graduates from its programs become part of a fast-growing network of civic leaders. I've always said, ``When you walk into a crowded room, it's easy to spot the graduates of Leadership Fairfax--they just stand out!'' Leadership Fairfax alumni and the general public submitted nominations for the 19th annual Northern Virginia Leadership Award, and a panel of community and business leaders made the final selections. It is my honor to submit the following names of the 2015 Northern Virginia Leadership Awards recipients: The recipient of the 2015 Trustee Leadership Award is Dr. Charles Thomas, Jr. in recognition of his work as Project Leader at LMI. Thanks to Dr. Thomas' leadership, LMI's commitment to community outreach manifests itself in many ways. Some of the programs the company supports include Children's Hospital, the Wounded Warriors Project, the Fallen Heroes Project and Wreaths Across America. The recipient of the 2015 Nonprofit Leadership Award presented to an individual is Ms. Eileen Ellsworth, in recognition of her work with the Community Foundation of Northern Virginia. The Community Foundation for Northern Virginia is a grant-making and endowment-building organization, working with donors across the region. Their research on key issues philanthropic investment inspires the Northern Virginia community to become more engaged in supporting the most pressing issues facing our neighbors in need. The recipient of the 2015 Nonprofit Leadership Award presented to an organization is The Child and Family Network Centers. The Child and Family Network Centers' mission is to provide caring, high-quality, free education and related services to at-risk children and their families in their own neighborhoods in order to prepare them for success in school and life. The recipient of the 2015 Corporate Leadership Award is Helios HR. Helios has provided sustained support to many organizations within the Washington metro area. From winter coat drives, to providing pro bono resume writing and interviewing skills workshops and mentoring members of future generations, Helios is there for the community in innumerable ways. The recipient of the 2015 Educational Leadership Award is Mr. Jesse Kraft, in recognition of his work as Principal of Providence Elementary School. Mr. Kraft began his educational career in 1996 after graduating from the University of Pittsburgh. He is a National Board Certified Teacher, and he earned his Master's degree from George Mason University. In 2010 he was recognized by FCPS with the Nancy F. Sprague Outstanding First Year Principal Award. The recipient of the 2015 Regional Leadership Award is Ms. Leila Gordon, in recognition of her work as Director of the Reston Community Center. Reston Community Center works to bring the community together through enriching leisure time experiences that enhance the value of the community and improve local organizational effectiveness. Mr. Speaker, the contributions of these individuals and organizations are one of the reasons why Fairfax is such a sought after community in which to live and work, and this year's honorees highlight the legacy of Leadership Fairfax in preparing our community's future leaders to address the challenges we face. I ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating these honorees and thanking them for their service to Northern Virginia.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize the Tysons Regional Chamber of Commerce and to congratulate the incoming 2016 board members. Tysons has drastically transformed during the past 50 years. This change began when the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors approved plans for the Tysons Corner Shopping Center in 1962. When the mall opened in 1968, it was hailed as the largest enclosed mall in the world. Since then, there has been a dramatic influx of technology companies, government contracting firms, and other corporations. Tysons has become the premier business district of the Washington Metropolitan Area and is the 12th largest employment center in the United States. With the recent opening of Metro's Silver Line and ongoing redevelopment, the region is expected to continue adding not only businesses but also high-density residential housing. The mission of the Tysons Regional Chamber of Commerce is to be the unified voice of the business community in the area while ensuring that its ties and commitment to the community are strengthened. The Chamber actively promotes local non-profits and community organizations, as well as youth educational programs, and it sponsors multiple events each year in support of these activities. The growth of the Chamber has been the result of the diversity of its members and the leadership of its Board. I am pleased to submit the following names of the incoming 2016 board members: 2016 Chairman of the Board: Lori Lopez 2017 Incoming Chairman of the Board: Jeff DiMeglio Incoming Board Members: William P. Daly, Jr., David MacGillivray, Peg McDermott, Stacy Bradford, Scott Finberg, Angela Inzerillo, Kathy Jensen, Kevin McCoy, Scott M. Ward, James Y. Boland, Carla Doyle, Matt Edgar, Maureen Loftus, Matt Evans, Jerry Ferguson, Shania Kapoor, Sopa Keo, Jeffrey B. Krashin, Shirley Luu, Cory Scott, Michele Weatherly, Peter Wynne, and Dean Xenos. I also commend Mark Rogoff who served as Chairman for 2014-2015 for his leadership during this time of significant expansion. During his tenure, membership of the Chamber increased by 15 percent, professional programs offered to members were expanded and improved, and community involvement was increased. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in commending the Tysons Regional Chamber of Commerce for its commitment to promoting the business community while encouraging social responsibility and in congratulating the incoming board members. I wish the Chamber continued success.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize Angie Carrera on the occasion of her retirement from Fairfax County and to thank her for her service. Although she has been a Fairfax County employee for the last 22 years, her immense contributions to our community go back much further. Ms. Carrera has devoted her career to the promotion and administration of volunteerism. This began in 1975 when she began recruiting volunteers for a nearly- defunct women's center. This led to her becoming the executive director of the Voluntary Action Center, which is now known as Volunteer Fairfax and serves as a clearing house matching volunteers with area non- profits. Following her tenure with Volunteer Fairfax, Ms. Carrera served in a variety of positions and capacities. She became volunteer coordinator for the Fairfax County Juvenile Court where she was responsible for recruiting and supervising programs for court-involved youths. In 1992, Ms. Carrera was asked to launch the Volunteer Interpreter Program to help the Juvenile Court staff better deal with youth and their families who were not proficient in English. This program received two National Association of Counties awards in recognition of its effectiveness and value. In 2002 she became the Language Access Coordinator in the Office of the County Executive and was responsible for policy and procedures on language issues within the county government. Most recently Ms. Carrera has served as both Volunteer Resource Coordinator and a Partnership Developer for the County's Office of Public-Private Partnerships. The Office of Public Private Partnerships (OP\3\) serves as a clearing house and point of contact for public agencies, non-profit organizations, and local businesses. OP\3\ creates and develops meaningful public private partnerships in county priority areas to leverage new resources and address community issues impacting the quality of life in Fairfax County. In addition to serving in these positions, Ms. Carrera has played a role in numerous special projects including elections outreach and the 2015 World Police and Fire Games. Ms. Carrera was recently honored by the Dulles Regional Chamber of Commerce as its 2014 Business Citizen of the Year. Mr. Speaker, Angie Carrera's accomplishments and the legacy she leaves behind in her community are worthy of our highest praise. Her selfless dedication has contributed greatly to the public good and the outstanding quality of life for residents of Fairfax County. I commend her for her decades of service and ask my colleagues to join me in wishing her well in retirement.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize the recipients of the 2016 Dale City Civic Association Community Awards. The Civic Association represents the interests of the residents of Dale City in a manner that benefits the entire community. Association members complete revitalization and beautification projects, advocate for land use projects, and volunteer responses to community needs. Each year, the Association hosts a recognition banquet to honor individuals and organizations that have shown exemplary devotion to the betterment of the community through public service. It is my honor to submit the names of the 2016 Dale City Civic Association Community Awards recipients: Dale City Volunteer Fire Department, Firefighter of the Year Award: Robert ``Alex'' Willis Dale City Volunteer Fire Department, Emergency Medical Service Provider of the Year Award: Lauren Clowser Dale City Volunteer Fire Department, Officer of the Year Award: Sergeant Robert ``OJ'' Best Dale City Volunteer Fire Department, Cadet of the Year Award: Tristin Toro Prince William County Department of Fire and Rescue, Career Firefighter of the Year Award: Technician I Andrew Hale Prince William County Department of Fire and Rescue, Career Emergency Medical Technician of the Year Award: Technician II Mike Militello Prince William County Police Department, Police Officer of the Year Award: Officer William Bowler Prince William County Sheriff's Office, Deputy Sheriff of the Year Award: Deputy Thomas ``TC'' Williams Kathy Feeney Nurse of the Year Award: Angela Cronan Business of the Year Award: Haynes View, LLC, owned by LaBrenda Haynes John D. Jenkins Youth Citizen of the Year Award: Sara Howell Dale City Youth Environmental and Conservation Award: Rebecca Hawkins Prince William County Public Schools, Elementary School Teacher of the Year Award: Ashley Hoyle Prince William County Public Schools, Middle School Teacher of the Year Award: Donna Morgan Prince William County Public Schools, High School Teacher of the Year Award: Karen Shaver Kathleen K. Seefeldt Community Service Award: Mary Lively Ernestine S. Jenkins Lifetime Volunteer Achievement Award: Mary Allen Catherine Spellane Citizen of the Year Award: Lucille Cahill Dale City Civic Association Outstanding Service Award: Michael Bizik Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in commending the 2016 Dale City Civic Association Community Awards winners for their commitment to building and maintaining such a vibrant community for residents to live, work, and play. Each recipient has made a lasting contribution to Dale City, and I hope their actions will spur others into serving our community to sustain this tremendous success.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow is the deadline by which Congress is supposed to have enacted its annual budget resolution. As a former member of the Budget Committee, I take that responsibility very seriously, and I know the Speaker, the former chairman of that committee, does as well. So it saddens me that the House majority is now abdicating that responsibility. I come from local government where we had to work on a bipartisan basis to adopt and balance budgets every year. Yet, rather than work with Democrats to advance a budget resolution that reflects the spending levels of the hard-fought 2-year bipartisan budget agreement adopted just 5 months ago, House Republicans have decided not to pass a resolution at all because some in their caucus want to undo that bipartisan agreement. Budgets are values-based documents, but they don't have to represent just one set of values. They can be inclusive and should represent the broad diversity of the interests of the people we represent. Working together, we can demonstrate the power of government to spur economic growth, provide for national security, and meet the needs of our people. Mr. Speaker, one only has to look at the growing costs of the Zika virus, the opioid addiction problem, and the Flint water crisis to realize the cost of doing nothing.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize the work of the World Affairs Council--Washington, DC (WAC-DC). WAC-DC is a non-profit, non-partisan organization dedicated to expanding awareness among the American public and international community of geopolitical, business, and civil society issues in our interconnected world. Since its founding in 1980, the World Affairs Council--Washington, DC has positively impacted the professional development of hundreds of thousands of teachers, educators, and students (high school and college) in the DC metro area, across the United States, and internationally through its global education, international affairs, and global communications programs. In 2009, WAC-DC launched its own weekly one hour international affairs program, World Affairs TODAY, that is filmed in front of a live audience in the Horizon Ballroom of the Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center and broadcast nationally throughout the United States. The Council provides a neutral, independent and non-partisan forum for speeches by presidents, prime ministers, cabinet officials, Members of Congress, and other prominent political leaders. Additionally, economists, diplomats, scholars, corporate leaders, authors, governors, researchers, journalists, and Nobel laureates are invited to participate. American and international speakers join Council members, VIP guests, online and television audiences, and the public for in- depth discussions on major foreign policy and education issues that have a global impact. To prepare young people to compete in the 21st century, the Council educates students on international affairs and encourages a national dialogue on ``The Importance of Global Education.'' The Council's teacher development workshops and seminars, youth leadership forums, Academic World Quest competitions, internships, and international study abroad programs foster a balanced view of global issues. The programs facilitate worldwide knowledge transfer, multicultural understanding, and analytical insights for American and international educators, teachers, and high school and college students. The March 29, 2016 World Affairs HONORS: Global Education Gala is an annual event that recognizes organizations that demonstrate their commitment to best practices in global education, international affairs, and global communications. The WAC-DC will present five distinguished honorees with awards that exemplify the global education mission of the Council, which is to empower educators, students and citizens to effectively compete, communicate, travel and lead in our diverse and interconnected world. The Republic of South Africa will receive the Distinguished Diplomatic Service Award that will be accepted by H.E. Mninwa J. Mahlangu, Ambassador to the United States. The IBM Corporation will receive the Global Education Award that will be accepted by Daniel S. Pelino, General Manager--Global Public Sector. The George Mason University will receive the Educator of the Year Award that will be accepted by Dr. Angel Cabrera, President. The National Geographic Society will receive the Global Communications Award that will be accepted by Gary E. Knell, President and CEO. The Keynote Address will be delivered by the United States Secretary of Defense, the Honorable Ashton Carter, who will also receive an International Public Service Award. The World Affairs Council--DC Board of Directors is composed of an outstanding and dedicated voluntary group of individuals, many of whom are nationally and internationally recognized civic, corporate, education, and former diplomatic and government leaders. Along with a dedicated professional staff, strategic partners, members, and volunteers, the WAC-DC is committed to helping make our nation and world a better place for this and future generations through its global education, international affairs and global communications programs. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in recognizing the outstanding programs that are being provided nationally and internationally by the World Affairs Council--Washington, DC.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this measure, which would direct the Secretary of State to develop a strategy to obtain observer status for Taiwan in the International Criminal Police Organization, also known as INTERPOL. As a co-chair of the Congressional Taiwan Caucus, I support the dynamic U.S.-Taiwan relationship based on our shared values, deep economic ties, and a history of close collaboration. Gaining observer status for Taiwan in INTERPOL would further enhance U.S.-Taiwan relations and provide for a pragmatic integration of Taiwan into an international compact. Taiwan's contributions to INTERPOL will strengthen law enforcement initiatives to fight human trafficking, arms smuggling, terrorism, and other criminal threats. Integrating Taiwan into an international law enforcement body like INTERPOL increases communication and information sharing to the benefit of the people of Taiwan and INTERPOL member countries. This is a practical step that serves the interests of the U.S., Taiwan, and INTERPOL, and I would urge my colleagues to support this measure.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor the life of Officer Ashley Guindon, a law enforcement officer and Marine Corps Reserve veteran who answered the call to serve her community and her country. In her heart, Officer Guindon was a guardian. She was willing to step into the breach to protect others. On Saturday, February 27, one day, Mr. Speaker, after Officer Guindon was sworn in as an officer with the Prince William County Police Department, she did just that. While responding to a call for help from a domestic violence victim, Officer Guindon was shot and killed by a gunman who had already taken the life of his wife, Crystal Hamilton, a loving mother who cared for our Nation's wounded warriors. I ask that my colleagues join me in mourning the victims of this latest gun tragedy and, also, in paying tribute to the men and women in law enforcement who give more to this world than they ever ask in return. Mr. Speaker, we pray for their safety.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I want to express my strong support for the bipartisan, bicameral Competitive Service Act, S. 1580, before the House today. I am pleased to sponsor the House companion, H.R. 2827, of this common-sense legislation with my fellow Virginian, Rob Wittman. Our bill reforms an antiquated and cumbersome hiring system that hinders our nation's ability to efficiently hire the most qualified candidates into federal service. Under current law, federal agencies are prohibited from sharing information about vetted job applicants. For example, when agencies identify finalists for a vacant position in a highly competitive field, such as cybersecurity, no other agency can leverage those efforts and take advantage of applicant screening that's already been performed. Our bill will empower agencies to share information about the most qualified candidates, allowing the federal government to effectively recruit the best and the brightest talent while saving taxpayer dollars. It represents a win-win for applicants and agency human resource professionals. Further this is an important component of a comprehensive effort to modernize the federal hiring process to ensure we can recruit the next generation of civil servants. We are facing a retirement bubble within the federal ranks. Last year, GAO reported that nearly one-third of the federal workforce would be eligible to retire by the end of fiscal year 2017. We need to begin repairing the significant-damage that has been wrought on federal employees. The perception of public service, once lionized by President Kennedy as a noble profession, has steadily been whittled away by the current House majority, which has cut federal pay and benefits. Just try to go to a college campus today and convince a young graduate that they have a promising future federal service. The relaunch of the USAJobs site later this week is another critical tool that will make the application process more user-friendly and transparent. Our Competitive Service Act will ensure all agencies have ready access to those qualified individuals once they're in the system. I urge my colleagues to support this common-sense legislation.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I thank my good friend from Massachusetts for his leadership. I want to say to my friend from Pennsylvania (Mr. Kelly), whom I respect and admire, this isn't like a simple, homespun, sit around the kitchen table and work this out and be responsible in paying our bills. I wish it were. That homespun couple in Pennsylvania or my district in Virginia can't start a war that is unpaid for in Iraq, can't decide to give wealthy people a tax cut that is unpaid for, can't run the U.S. economy into the ground that costs trillions of dollars in additional debt because of policy choices made in this Congress, not by the Secretary of the Treasury. It was Republican Vice President Cheney who actually said in the midst of all of that that debts no longer matter. So we are glad to see the new-found religion here on the floor of the House with our friends on the other side of the aisle, who are now once again concerned about debt, debt they helped accumulate to an obscene degree. I rise, Mr. Speaker, in opposition to not only that bill, but to the Scientific Research in the National Interest Act bill. It comes as no surprise to my constituents in Virginia that the most anti-environmental Congress--the House majority is now attempting to tell the National Science Foundation how they ought to do and award Federal research grants based on what Congress deems worthy. The House majority has been open about its climate denialism and candid about its outright political agenda against scientific fact. The very scientific community that we should trust to understand and forecast the effects of manmade global climate change is substituted in this bill by the United States Congress, a bunch of politicians. This bill is a solution in search of a problem. It threatens the National Science Foundation's gold-standard merit-review process that has resulted in groundbreaking research over the years, including medical, technological, agricultural, and public health advancements. Even worse, how are we to explain the majority's decision to exclude climate change, one of the most pressing global challenges we face, as one of the bill's seven national interest criteria? It is not even in there. I offered an amendment that would have ensured climate change is deemed in the national interest. The Republican majority would not even allow that amendment to come to this floor for debate. The NSF is helping to lead research in global climate change. For example, it was an NSF grant that launched a program in my district at George Mason University that will help television weather forecasters better inform and explain to viewers how climate change will affect us and those communities. In 2013, Mr. Speaker, I visited a place called Ny-Alesund in Svalbard, Norway. This is the northernmost research installation in the planet in the Arctic Circle and a leading research and monitoring station that serves many of our international partners, including Norway, Italy, Japan, China, and the Netherlands. I saw firsthand on that visit the rapid decline of Arctic sea ice and rapidly retreating glaciers. The research NSF funds there will have environmental and geopolitical benefits to the U.S., and we should be expanding not retracting on those commitments. I ask: How is it that research is not in the national interest? This destructive bill will have a chilling effect on our research community, stifling ambitious research necessary to a 21st century future. Sadly, once again, the Republican majority insists on misinformation and belief over empirical evidence and science. I urge rejection of the bill.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to commemorate the life of Lieutenant Colonel Walter L. McCreary, USAF (Retired), for his bravery and service to this nation. Lt. Col. McCreary served this nation as one of the original Tuskegee Airmen and in a time of deep racial division, when many of the very citizens he defended would see him treated as a second-class citizen. It is in part because of the determined perseverance and success of the Tuskegee Airmen as the most efficient fighter group in the 15th Air Force that President Harry Truman integrated all branches of the armed forces in 1948. Lt. Col. McCreary entered the Civilian Pilot Training Program in 1941 and flew a Waco biplane. He joined the Tuskegee program as a cadet the next year. He earned his military wings after nine months of training, in March 1943 as a second lieutenant. In his 89 missions as a fighter pilot and as part of the 100th Fighter Squadron, 332nd Fighter Group he flew over France, Germany, Italy, Austria, Romania, Greece, Hungary, and Yugoslavia. It was in 1944 during a strafing mission over Lake Balaton in Romania that he took flak from German anti-aircraft artillery, ultimately parachuting to the ground before being turned over by local farmers to the German military. He was transferred to Stalag Luft III, a prisoner of war camp specifically designated for airmen. He was liberated from the camp along with all other prisoners in May 1945. Lt. Col. McCreary returned home from his time as a prisoner of war in Germany and continued his service within the armed forces for nearly two more decades. His commitment and the historic contributions of the Tuskegee Airmen in the face of institutionalized discrimination were recognized in 2007 with the Congressional Gold Medal. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me once more in recognizing the extraordinary contributions of Lt. Col. Walter McCreary.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I thank my dear friend from New York, the distinguished ranking member of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. I rise today in support of the North Korea Sanctions Enforcement Act of 2016. I want to thank the chairman and ranking member for their leadership in bringing this legislation before us. I especially appreciate the inclusion of two of my amendments, one to provide for the reunification of Korean families separated by the 38th parallel, and another to ensure that U.S. policy toward North Korea is informed by the recommendations made in the landmark Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in North Korea conducted by the United Nations. Amidst the tense geopolitical standoffs and irresponsible actions of the North Korean regime, we must always remember the human cost of this enduring conflict. I believe this bill, through these amendments and important exceptions to sanctions for humanitarian relief organizations, does just that. This is timely, if not overdue, legislation. North Korea is a reckless, paranoid state devoid of virtually all aspects of human autonomy, now armed with a nuclear umbrella. That makes the Korean peninsula one of the most dangerous flash points on the globe. There have been recent developments in North Korea that are profoundly troubling and deserve an immediate response from this Congress. Reports that North Korea has conducted its fourth nuclear weapons test confirm that the regime in Pyongyang is committed to defying international norms and risks destabilizing the entire Asia- Pacific region. As co-chairman of the Congressional Caucus on Korea, I remain deeply concerned with the volatility and the ever-present potential of conflict on the Korean Peninsula. It is a specter that looms over 75 million Koreans and, for their sake and that of the region, the U.S., the Republic of Korea, China, and other regional stakeholders must demonstrate commitment to addressing this threat. By targeting the individuals and entities that support the Kim regime through illicit activities, this bill will hopefully weaken the resolve and capability of Pyongyang to endanger regional stability. Mr. Speaker, I urge passage of the bill.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Chairman, I thank the distinguished ranking member, my friend from Maryland (Mr. Cummings). I join the ranking member in opposing the so-called Sunshine for Regulatory Decrees and Settlements Act. Specifically, we take exception to the inclusion of the so-called All Economic Regulations are Transparent Act that would unnecessarily require agencies to provide monthly status updates on their plans to propose and finalize rules when they are already required to report twice a year. Further, this legislation would prohibit agency rules from taking effect until the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs has posted certain information online for at least 6 months. So an agency might post, on its own, information about the cost of a proposed rule for a year, but if OIRA doesn't post the information for at least 6 months, the agency would be prohibited from moving forward. Mr. Chairman, Ranking Member Cummings and I have an amendment that will be considered shortly to strike the 6-month online posting requirement. Striking that provision would keep important agency rules protecting public health and safety from being needlessly delayed. We have a Second Amendment that would exempt independent agencies. The bill as currently drafted would require agencies, such as the SEC and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, to abide by these new reporting requirements. Of course, these and other related agencies are not required to submit their rules for such reviews precisely because they are independent agencies and are intended as such. I urge my colleagues to support the Cummings-Connolly amendments, as well as the amendment offered by Mr. Lynch that would require Federal agencies to provide an estimate of the benefits, as well as the costs, of proposed regulations. Mr. Chairman, this bill may be couched in the guise of improving transparency, but let's be honest, its real intent is to erect barriers and significantly delay the regulatory process that protects the American people.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. I thank my dear friend, the distinguished ranking member of the Oversight and Government Reform Committee, the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Cummings). I must say, the previous speaker representing the majority on the Judiciary Committee reminded me of the meaning of the word chutzpah. To complain about job growth when your party hands a new, Democratic President the deepest and worst recession since the Great Depression; when you leave the country with 10.2 percent unemployment, and that President and these Democrats in this Congress reversed all that. Unemployment is less than half of that, 5 percent. We have had 64 consecutive months of positive--net positive--private-sector job growth, the longest stretch in American history. And you want to say it could have been better if we hadn't had so much regulation? What an extraordinary narrative--and a false one and a dangerous one. The name of this bill is the SCRUB Act. The best thing we can do with this bill is to scrub it from the floor of the House of Representatives. It is dangerous because it will lift protections on public health and public safety. You don't like regulation. Some regulation is burdensome, and certainly we ought to have regular reviews to make sure we reduce or eliminate those. We already do. Agencies are already required to do so under the executive orders signed by this President. In fact, those efforts are yielding results. The Administrative Conference of the United States reports that agencies have identified ``tens of billions of dollars of cost savings and tens of millions of hours of reduced paperwork and reporting requirements through modification of existing regulations'' because of those reviews already in place. The Department of Labor, for example, modified its chemical hazard labeling requirement, reducing costs to industry by $2.5 billion over the last 5 years. I am particularly troubled by the bill's creation of a CutGo scheme which seems deceptively appealing. That is a plan in which agencies would be required to eliminate an existing regulation before they could possibly promulgate a new one. That forces agencies into an arbitrary and untenable position of having to choose between preserving existing public health and safety protections or moving to protect against new threats. The bill provides no safe harbor exceptions for any rules, no matter how important, potentially jeopardizing the very public health and safety mission of Federal agencies. Of course, Mr. Chairman, the real intent behind this bill and another the House will consider tomorrow is not about improving regulatory processes but to create delays ad infinitum to grind the regulatory process to an absolute halt for the benefit of certain corporate interests in America at the public's expense. In addition to not giving the administration any credit for its herculean efforts to streamline current regulations, my colleagues on the other side of the aisle conveniently fail to mention any of the health or safety benefits of regulation. OMB estimates the annual net--net--benefit of major rules issued during this administration is approximately $215 billion. But that is an inconvenient fact. That is a difficult thing to talk about, that there actually could be benefits to public health by cleaner air and cleaner water. Further, my colleagues have provided no evidence that regulation somehow serves as the hobnail boot on the neck of the economy, as they would have us believe. I mentioned it is quite the opposite in terms of unemployment, in terms of job growth, and in terms of GDP growth. Mr. Chairman, it is this legislation that is unnecessary and burdensome and, I suggest, a threat to public health and safety. We ought to scrub it from the calendar. Short of that, I certainly urge my colleagues to oppose it, as I will.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize Dean William (Bill) Reeder of George Mason University on his career in education, management, philanthropic administration, and most notably, the arts. Over the span of his 40-year career, Dean Reeder has raised over $250 million in private funds for the arts and education. Reeder is the founding and current Dean of the College of Visual and Performing Arts where he oversees eight academic divisions: The School of Music, School of Art, School of Dance, School of Theater, Arts Management Master's Program, Film and Video Studies Program, Computer Game Design Program and the Potomac Arts Academy. Dean Reeder manages two regional art centers: the Center for the Arts in Fairfax as well as the Hylton Performing Arts Center. He also serves as the Co-Director of George Mason's Confucius Institute, a partnership between Mason and the Beijing Language and Cultural University. In the midst of his demanding schedule, Reeder finds the time to teach an Arts Management course, hold the distinguished honor of the Eminent Scholar's Heritage Chairman in Arts and Cultural Criticism, and serve on two boards: United Way of the National Capital Region and CEO Forum of Prince William. Reeder spent eight years as the leading operatic tenor engaged by the Zurich, Switzerland Opera Company. From 1993 to 1997, Reeder was President of the Saint Louis Conservatory of Music, followed by six years as the Education Director of the Levine School of Music located in Washington, D.C. Prior to joining George Mason, Reeder served as Vice President and General Manager of the Washington Performing Arts Society and two years with the Sallie Mae Corporation as the Founding Director of the Sallie Mae Trust for Education. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me in commending Dean Bill Reeder as a prominent figure in Greater Prince William and tireless champion of arts education.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize Novant Health for their commitment to the health and well-being of Northern Virginia residents. Novant Health is an integrated network of hospitals, outpatient centers, and physician practices spanning four states and servicing more than 4 million patients annually including many in Northern Virginia. The Metropolitan area houses two of Novant Health's fourteen health care centers: Novant Health Prince William Medical Center located in Manassas and Novant Health Haymarket Medical Center. Other regional facilities include Novant Health Cancer Center, two surgery centers, Novant Wound Care & Hyperbaric Medicine, and Novant Health Breast Center. In 2013, Novant Health provided more than $21 million in charity care and services in Northern Virginia. Novant Health is one of the top 25 integrated health systems in the United States and was named a top 50 ``Best Places for Diverse & Women Managers to Work'' by Diversity MBA Magazine. Showcasing its commitment to active community engagement, Novant Health reaches beyond the walls of its many health facilities. Novant Health actively seeks out community health outreach efforts as part of the patient-oriented delivery model. One time-tested initiative is as the Hylton Presents Season Sponsor since the inaugural 2010-2011 season, as well as the namesake of the Novant Health Rehearsal Room. In addition to philanthropic support, Novant Health regularly hosts community and physicians events at the Hylton Center as a continued supporter of the center and Northern Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in recognizing Novant Health as the 5th Hylton Center for Performing Arts Anniversary Gala honoree for its commitment to improving the health of Northern Virginia, one person at a time.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to commend the Korean Coalition for Political Participation (KCPP) for their contributions to our community. The 11th District of Virginia is blessed by its diversity. Approximately 1 in 4 residents is foreign-born and nearly 40 percent are minorities. More than 100 languages are spoken in our schools, and we are home to more minority-owned technology firms than anywhere else in the nation. Northern Virginia is fortunate to have one of the most vibrant Korean American communities in the United States; approximately 32,000 Korean Americans live in the 11th District. Nearly one-half of our foreign-born population emigrated from Asia, primarily from Korea. The mission of KCPP is to educate the community on issues of great importance and to encourage participation in the democratic process. This is particularly critical for our newer citizens. KCPP addresses this by hosting various forums and presentations to provide the tools and knowledge that will allow full participation in our American society. In Congress, just as I did during my tenure on the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, I have sought out new opportunities to collaborate with the Korean-American community. As co-chair of the Congressional Korea Caucus, we have worked together to ensure that the U.S.-Korean alliance remains strong. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in congratulating the Korean Coalition for Political Participation on its success and commending my friend, Michael Kwon, for his leadership as President of this organization.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize the Dulles Regional Chamber of Commerce for its ongoing dedication to local businesses and our community and to congratulate the 2015 ``Stars Over Dulles'' Award recipients. This year, at the 20th Annual Stars Over Dulles Awards Luncheon, the Chamber will honor those extraordinary businesses, non-profit organizations and citizens who have dedicated their talents and activities to enhancing our economy and our community. As the former Chairman of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, and now as a Member of Congress representing this community, I have been proud to partner with the Chamber on promoting the region's pro- business climate and celebrating the service that so many individuals and businesses provide to our community. I am pleased to submit the following recipients of the 2015 Stars Over Dulles Awards: Public Service Star: Presented to Delegate Thomas Rust (86th District) for more than 30 years of public service, including as Chairman of the House of Delegates Transportation Committee and as Mayor of Herndon. Veterans Star: Presented to Col. Paul Patton, USAF (Retired) of CACI, whose life of service has extended far beyond his time in the Air Force and serves as an example for others to follow. Community Stars: Presented to Doug and Annie Downer and Laura and George Price for their organization of the beverage shifts during the World Police and Fire Games, during which they found the personnel for 391 volunteer shifts. Innovation Stars: Presented to Bruce Blechl, Jerome Williams, Bill Knight, and Barry Biggar for their presentation to Fairfax County of the idea to host the 2015 World Police and Fire Games. STEM Star: Presented to The Childrens Science Center for their opening of a new laboratory in Fair Oaks this summer. The lab is a major addition to our region's ability to encourage a new generation of STEM learners. Housing Star: Presented posthumously to Bill Lauer, founder of Tetra Partners, for his tireless work to end homelessness in Fairfax County. Bill was a driver of Fairfax County's efforts to preserve affordable housing and the Initiative to End Homelessness, built homes himself, and was about to become president of Cornerstones before his untimely death. Deal of the Year: Presented to The Town of Herndon for its managing of the sale of the Ashwell property, which will allow the town to consolidate its plans to redevelop the downtown area. Technology Star: Presented to Peter Jobse of the Center for Innovative Technology, who is retiring this year after leading the Center for almost 40 years. Global Business Star: Presented to Trade Center Management Associates, home to the International Trade Center, for providing a dynamic forum for trade promotion in the heart of the nation's capital. New Business Star: Presented to Stone Springs Hospital Center, which opened a brand new facility earlier this year to provide needed care to thousands of individuals with the help of their dedicated staff and resources. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating the 2015 Stars Over Dulles Award recipients and in thanking these businesses and individuals for their many contributions to our region's economic success and quality of life. These contributions are among the many reasons why Fairfax County is one of the best places in the country in which to live, work, and raise a family. I commend them on their awards and wish them great success in all future endeavors.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to express my respect and admiration for Father Paul Wynants. Father Wynants has been a true spiritual leader, providing guidance and comfort to thousands since first being ordained 64 years ago. Father Paul G. Wynants was born on August 2, 1925, in Heverlee, Belgium. He entered the Missionhurst Congregation of the Immaculate Heart of Mary in 1944 and was ordained on July 29, 1951. He departed for his mission assignments in the United States in 1953. Father Wynants served as assistant pastor at Christ the King Church in Norfolk from 1954-55; professor at Maryhill Seminary in Pinesville, LA., from 1955-58; assistant pastor at St. Dominic Parish in Columbus, Ohio, from 1958-59; and assistant pastor at St. Patrick Church in Detroit, Mich., from 1959-62. In 1964, Father Wynants was appointed spiritual director and rector for the Missionhurst Seminary in Washington, DC. In 1975, he was assigned as director of vocations for the U.S. Province. Residing at Missionhurst in Arlington, he also served as rector there until 1981. Under his guidance, Missionhurst evolved into the Missionhurst Mission Center, where he served as coordinator until 1982. Father Wynants served as the Catholic chaplain at Fairfax Hospital from 1982-2005, and priest at St. Ambrose Church in Annandale, VA. During those years, Father Wynants was always available to provide for the spiritual needs of the ill and their families. Regardless of the time of day, or the treacherous weather, he would unfailingly travel to the hospital and provide comfort and support to those in grief. On September 12, 1991, Father Wynants proudly served as Chaplain for a day in the United States Senate. Senator Max Baucus sponsored him for this honor, and he was introduced by Senator Robert Byrd. Father Wynants never forgot this honor. Sometime later, a staff member in Senator Baucus' office became seriously ill and was recuperating at Fairfax Hospital when Father Wynants walked into her room announcing that the DCCC had sent him to check in on her. This brightened her day and she would talk about his act of kindness for long afterwards. In 1992, Father Wynants took up residence at Mount Tabor Community in Vienna, a house of prayer and a Christian community established in 1975 by Missionhurst Father Arthur Verstraete. With the help of Father Wynants, Mount Tabor has continued to grow with an ever-increasing number of members, retreatants, and activities. Sadly, Father Wynants is gravely ill. Family members have travelled to the United States from Belgium to be with him during this time. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in a prayer for Father Wynants and his family, and in celebration of his life of dedication to his Church, his faith, his family, and our community.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to congratulate Joe Ritchey and his company, Prospective, Inc. on being named one of the 2015 BCA 10: Best Businesses Partnering with the Arts in America honorees. Presented every year by Americans for the Arts' Business Committee for the Arts (BCA), the BCA 10 awards honor U.S. companies for their exceptional commitment to the arts. Joe Ritchey and his firm actively support a vibrant local arts scene in Reston and throughout Fairfax County. Mr. Ritchey helped form the Initiative for Public Art--Reston (IPAR), where he still serves as President and Chair. IPAR consists of a group of civic leaders who represent Reston's key community organizations and seek to inspire and expand the community's commitment to public art. In 2008, IPAR launched a process that led to the adoption of the Public Art Master Plan for Reston which strives to incorporate art into public spaces. Anyone strolling through the many parks and public squares in Reston can readily see the impact of the Master Plan. Mr. Ritchey's contributions and influence extend far beyond Reston and have benefited our larger Fairfax County community. A passionate lover of the arts, he has served on the boards of the Arts Council of Fairfax County (Board Chairman in 2013 and 2014), Children's Museum of Northern Virginia, Wolf Trap Foundation for the Performing Arts Associates, and the Greater Reston Arts Center. A successful businessman, Mr. Ritchey also shares his knowledge and expertise with numerous other organizations. He serves or has served on the boards or in other leadership roles of the Reston Hospital Center of HCA Virginia Health System (Board Chairman in 2011 and 2012), the Dulles Regional Chamber of Commerce, the Northern Virginia Transportation Alliance, the Dulles Corridor Rail Association, the Greater Reston Chamber of Commerce, and he is an active supporter of Reston Interfaith, Nature House, and the George Mason University Center for Regional Analysis. Mr. Ritchey has received numerous awards and accolades in recognition of his service to our community. These awards include the NAOIP 1995 Award of Excellence for Economic Development, 2003 ``Best of Reston'' designation, the 2004 Fairfax County Federation of Citizen Associations Citizen of the Year, the 2006 Times Community Newspapers Reston Citizen of the Year, the 2009 inaugural Robert E. Simon Community Service Award, the 2011 Jinx Hazel Arts Citizen of the Year, and in 2013 he was the Grand Marshal of the Reston Holiday Parade. Northern Virginia is a vibrant region where countless people donate their time, energy, and financial support for the betterment of our neighbors and our community as a whole. In this region where so many do so much, Mr. Ritchey stands out and is an example of what one person can do. He has created a legacy that will live on for future generations to enjoy and has truly been a force in Reston and Northern Virginia being considered among the best places in the country in which to live, work, play, and raise a family. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in congratulating Joe Ritchey and Prospective, Inc. on being honored as a BCA 10 recipient, and in thanking him for his unwavering and tireless efforts on behalf of our community.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize my friend, Mr. Stan Soloway, as he prepares to step down from his 15 year tenure as president and CEO of the Professional Services Council (PSC.) PSC was founded in 1972 by a group of industry leaders who recognized the emergence and growing vitality of the professional services sector. Prior to 1972, this sector was virtually unaccounted for as a part of the U.S. economy even though it was thriving and growing at twice the rate of the rest of the economy. PSC organized the various businesses and service providers so that they could become more effective in supporting the growth of the businesses while delivering better and more cost-effective services to the federal government. In January, 2001, Stan assumed the presidency of PSC. His knowledge and expertise in public policy, public affairs, and acquisition reform have been instrumental in shaping PSC into an essential partner with the federal government. Following the merger of PSC and the Contract Services Association of America, PSC became a single, unified voice representing the range and diversity of the government services sector. PSC currently has nearly 400 member companies that provide federal agencies with services in a multitude of areas including information technology, engineering, logistics, facilities management, operations and maintenance, consulting, international development, scientific, social, environmental services, and others. Together, the trade association's members employ hundreds of thousands of Americans in all 50 states. Before joining PSC, Stan served as the deputy undersecretary of Defense, and concurrently as the director of Secretary of Defense William Cohen's Defense Reform Initiative. In recognition of his expertise and leadership, he was awarded the Secretary of Defense Medals for Outstanding and Distinguished Public Service. In addition, Stan was confirmed by the United States Senate in 2007 to serve a 5 year term on the board of directors of the Corporation for National and Community Service, the federal agency that oversees national service programs including Americorps and VISTA. Stan is a principal of the Partnership for Public Service, and a member of the Executive Advisory Board of the National Contract Management Association, where he is also a fellow. A nationally recognized expert, Stan writes regular columns for Washington Technology magazine and the Washington Business Journal. In addition, he has been a contributing author for books published by Harvard Law School, the University of Pennsylvania, Cambridge University, and the IMB Center for the Business of Government. Stan was also a producer of the critically acclaimed PBS series ``Great Confrontations at the Oxford Union.'' Stan has received numerous awards and accolades in recognition of his talents and accomplishments. These honors include the 2013 Herbert Roback Award, being named the 2013 Industry Executive of the Year by Government Computer News and 1105 Media. In addition, the Washington Business Journal named Stan to its Power 100 as one of the most influential business leaders in Washington in 2012 and 2013, and he was named one of the most influential leaders in U.S. defense by Defense News and Gannett Media. He is also a two time winner of the Federal 100 award. Northern Virginia is a vibrant region where so many are genuinely experts in technology, government services, and public policy. Among this group of esteemed professionals, Stan Soloway stands out. He has been a pioneering force in changing and modernizing the way that the federal government does business, and we have all benefited from his exceptional abilities. Mr. Speaker, I ask that my colleagues join me in congratulating Stan on his remarkable tenure as president and CEO of PSC. We wish him well in the next chapter of his life and thank him for his tireless efforts on behalf of the federal government and the professional services industry.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I thank my friend from Michigan for his graciousness. I rise in support of the Trade Facilitation and Trade Enforcement Act of 2015. It is a significant improvement over the original Customs bill, which I opposed. There are human trafficking reporting requirements that have been added. There is currency language that expands U.S. action on currency manipulation. It codifies the ENFORCE Act, some of the most strict enforcement provisions ever on trade by U.S. legislation. It creates an interagency trade enforcement center. It creates a trade enforcement trust fund. It provides protections for small businesses and bans child and forced labor. I would prefer to see stronger proenvironmental provisions, but this enforcement bill, trade enforcement bill is a significant move forward. I am pleased to support the underlying legislation and the conference report. I thank all who contributed to it.

Mr. CONNOLLY

Mr. CONNOLLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise to recognize the Arts Council of Fairfax County and the recipients of its 2015 Arts Awards. These awards recognize the extraordinary contributions of artists and arts organizations, as well as individuals and businesses in Fairfax County, the City of Fairfax, and the City of Falls Church, that support the arts in our community. Founded in 1964, the Arts Council of Fairfax County is a non-profit organization designated as Fairfax County's local arts agency. The Arts Council operates programs and initiatives that include grants, arts advocacy, education, and professional development opportunities for artists and arts organizations. In fiscal year 14, the Arts Council awarded more than $500,000 in County, public, and private funds through competitive grants and awards to arts organizations and individual artists. These grants helped to fund approximately 13,000 performances, which were attended by more than 1 million people. I also would like to express my appreciation to the Arts Council for its steadfast support of the 11th District Congressional Arts Competition, which has helped make it one of the largest and most successful in the country. The annual Arts Awards honor supporters of the arts in four categories: the Jinx Hazel Arts Award, the Arts Achievement Award, the Emerging Arts Award, and the Arts Philanthropy Award. It is my honor to submit the following names of the 2015 Arts Awards Recipients: The 2015 Jinx Hazel Arts Award will be presented to Earle C. Williams, the former president and chief executive officer of BDM International, for his outstanding leadership and advocacy in the arts and in the Campaign for Wolf Trap. The 2015 Arts Achievement Award will be presented to Rebecca Kamen, a contemporary visual artist, sculptor, and a pioneer of the STEAM effort to integrate Arts in the traditional Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math, or STEM fields, for her outstanding achievements bridging the arts and education with chemistry, neuroscience, and astrophysics. The 2015 Emerging Arts Award will be presented to the Vienna Jammers for providing exemplary outreach to area youth and participating in community building activities in the Town of Vienna and the Washington, D.C. area. The 2015 Arts Philanthropy Award will be presented to Richard Hausler, co-founder and CEO of Insight Property Group, for his vision, commitment, and leadership in establishing a new arts facility, the Workhouse Arts Center, in southern Fairfax County. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating the recipients of the 2015 Arts Awards and in recognizing and thanking the visionaries, leaders, and supporters who help to make our Northern Virginia communities rich with cultural opportunities.