Richard Durbin

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Madam President, some economists have another name for the recession that we are living through, the one that was caused by the COVID pandemic. They call it a ``she-cession'' because the economic hardships and job losses have fallen disproportionately on women, especially on working mothers. It is ironic that we are having this conversation the day after Mother's Day and reflecting on the current state of American families in the midst of a pandemic but, equally important, on the state of American families and the state of the mothers of those families and the economic realities that they face. There are 2.5 million American women who have dropped out or were pushed out of the workforce since the start of this pandemic. In a recent ABC News poll, 25 percent of women said they are worse off economically now than they were a year ago compared to 18 percent of men. A survey last fall found that almost 40 percent of working mothers in my State of Illinois--40 percent--lost their jobs or are working reduced hours. Nearly half of all working mothers of color reported the same. There are many reasons that this recession has been so economically devastating for so many women, but the two biggest reasons are these: Women are overrepresented in the industries that have been hit the hardest by the pandemic: restaurants, retail, leisure and hospitality. Women are also the primary caregivers--in some cases, the only caregivers--in the vast majority of American families. With schools and childcare programs closed, what choice does a working mother have besides stepping back from work? For millions of American mothers and their families, the stimulus payments, the enhanced unemployment checks, the increased child tax credits, and other economic benefits in the American Rescue Plan have literally been a lifeline. They have enabled these mothers and families to feed their kids and to keep their homes during the worst recession since the Great Depression. So it has come as a bit of a surprise that our Republican colleagues would choose to start Mother's Day weekend by vowing to end enhanced unemployment benefits for more than 8 million American workers. They cite the April jobs report as their justification. After we added 770,000 jobs in March--a strong showing--we learned last week the U.S. economy added only 266,000 jobs in April. Immediately, our Republican colleagues cited the disappointing jobs numbers as proof that the recovery has clearly stalled and that we have to do more to get people back to work, as if it justifies ending enhanced jobless benefits. They seem to think that additional unemployment benefits make American workers lazy. They imply that Americans would rather sit at home, watch nonstop Netflix, and eat chocolate-covered cherries rather than go back to work. They must not know many American workers. Americans want to work. Americans work longer and harder than their counterparts in almost every nation in the world. We should be proud of that work ethic and what it has meant to America. The reason many workers haven't returned to the workplace isn't because they are lazy. People remain afraid of this coronavirus. They lack adequate, affordable childcare. They may be caring for older family members or be dealing with personal health conditions. That is the reality of life in families and, particularly, in struggling, working families. Taking away the enhanced unemployment benefits they need to be able to feed their kids and pay their rents or mortgages does nothing to change that reality except to make it worse. Our Republican colleagues will say that the April jobs report is the reason for their renewed determination to stop sending these enhanced checks to the jobless families. The truth is--the real truth is--these Republicans think the Federal Government ought to do the bare minimum to help working families weather this pandemic. That is their credo: Government isn't the solution; government is the problem even during a once-in-a-century health crisis. Whether the economy is adding jobs quickly or slowly, whether the COVID infection and death rates are rising or falling, the Republicans have fought to scale back Federal unemployment benefits for workers. Not one of our Republican colleagues--let me repeat that--not one of our Republican Senate colleagues voted for the American Rescue Plan. Remember that one? That was the plan by President Biden that put more money into the purchase of vaccines; that finally set up a nationwide effort to administer those vaccines; that sent the $1,400 cash check to working families--a check that had been promised by the previous administration--that gave an additional helping hand to small businesses to get through the pandemic; and that did, in fact, increase or, I should say, lengthen the period of time that people would be eligible for unemployment benefits. That is a pretty good, important package; don't you think? When you look at what it did for America, it came just in the nick of time for many. You would have thought, wouldn't you, with 50 Republican Senators, that one--one--Republican Senator would have supported those things. Unfortunately, that wasn't the case. There are things we can do to get this economy moving again. We need to encourage more Americans to get vaccinated, No. 1. President Biden has done a remarkable job, but we still have work to do. We shouldn't sit back and relax. Every person vaccinated is another person protected. Also, the people around them are protected. The fundamental fact remains, as we talk about all of the economics and all of the government philosophy, our economy cannot recover completely until this virus is under control. In addition, if the Republicans want to solve the problems facing our workforce, there are pretty obvious answers: Sit down, and talk to a working mother who lost a job, who has a child at home, perhaps a young child, and ask her: Well, how soon can you get back to work? Her question back to you: Senator, how soon can you take care of my little boy? How much is it going to cost me? That is the reality. The daycare center is probably closed, and the babysitter may not be available. There are lots of reasons. It just may be too expensive. That is the reality of work for American workers today. That mother isn't lazy. That mother faces a challenge that not one of us wants to see in our families. Either our children or grandchildren, we don't want them to be pawns in this whole public debate about when we are going to start or stop helping families. We need to face this workforce problem because it is really key to it, this childcare crisis in this country. Do we care enough about families and children to make sure there is affordable daycare? President Biden does. He is talking about a program nationwide, thank goodness, which will finally address this issue and put a goal in place to keep the cost of daycare manageable for every family regardless of its means. So what did the Republican Senate leader say last week? He said he was 100-percent focused--100-percent focused--on stopping the Biden administration. That is an echo of what he said in the first, early days of the Obama Presidency. He came to the floor, and instead of talking about what we could do to work together to try to find some bipartisan ground, he said that he hoped to do everything he could to make sure that Barack Obama was a one-term President. It didn't take him long to come back with a similar statement with regard to the Biden Presidency. It is not encouraging, but I am encouraged by the fact that there are some Republicans who just don't agree with it. I hope that they will step up. I hope that they will show that we can still work on a bipartisan basis. This ``100-percent'' stopping the Biden administration from Senator McConnell cannot be the basis for a successful congressional session. The Senate Democrats have an agenda; it is true. We are 100-percent focused on getting this pandemic under control and building a better future for our families. We would like to work with our Republican colleagues to do it. Although they didn't join us, for example, on the child tax credit, I do believe that they really care about the children in America, particularly the poor children in America, and care enough to want to help them with daycare, with early kindergarten classes, with extending the school year beyond the 12th grade for skills that are needed. The Presiding Officer knows this well because we come from the same State. Last week, I had an exciting visit in Normal, IL. Things are not normal in Normal, IL. They are exceedingly beyond normal. I visited the Rivian plant. The Rivian plant has an incredible story. It used to be the Mitsubishi auto plant. Six years ago, it closed. One thousand workers were on the payroll at the time they lost their jobs, good-paying jobs. And there sat that empty factory out on the cornfields just west of Bloomington-Normal. The mayor of the town, Chris Koos, called me a year after the Mitsubishi plant had closed and said: ``Senator, I think I've got a buyer.'' I said: ``Chris, what are you drinking?'' ``No,'' he says, ``I really believe there's a new company that makes electric vehicles that's really interested in the Mitsubishi plant.'' Well, he was right, and thank goodness he was. Fast forward 4 years later, and a visit last week, he showed this amazing facility, which is now going to be expanded because of the plant that is going to build electric vehicles. They already have models on the floor that you can see of SUVs, trucks, and delivery vans for Amazon. Amazon is a major investor in Rivian. And we are not just seeing it in Normal. We are seeing evidence that our State, the State of Illinois, has a chance to become an EV State. I looked up in the Will County area. The Governor was there last week, talking about help for a plant that is going to build the heavy trucks and buses that are needed--electric vehicles for the future. Go to Libertyville, IL, and there is a Dutch supplier of power generating equipment that is relocating some of its facilities in our State. And at the same time, Argonne Laboratory has been doing research on battery technology and leading the Nation in doing it for years, and we believe it is a combination that really pays off. So how will our State or any State tap into this new economy? With trained and skilled workers, with families that don't have to worry day in and day out about daycare. We have to make sure that we are ready in Illinois and across the Nation for this opportunity. President Biden does. He understands it because he understands the challenges to working families. I can't understand the opposition of the Republicans in Congress to President Biden. They seem to be determined to make sure that America always finishes a solid second. The Biden administration disagrees, and I do too. We have the capacity to continue to lead the world and to continue to lead the world's economy, but it isn't by sitting back and patting ourselves on the back and talking about who won the last election. We have to roll up our sleeves on a bipartisan basis and get this workforce ready and stand behind our families that send these workers into the plants that are going to create the products that are going to make a success story out of the 21st century. That is what President Biden is for, and I couldn't agree with him more. I want to sit down and talk with any Republican who is willing to be honest and serious about doing this together, and we also ought to take on the other issues that we know plague our economy and our families-- reducing the cost of prescription drugs, building an infrastructure for the 21st century. The truth is that last week's job report is a ringing endorsement for the American Jobs Plan and the American Families Plan of President Biden. Thanks to the American Rescue Plan, more than 220 million shots have been administered, and more than 100 million Americans have been fully vaccinated, allowing businesses all across America to start to reopen. We need to build on the success of the American Rescue Plan, not dismantle it piece by piece. We need to work together to invest in workers and families for the 21st century, not grind Congress to a halt, as some might prefer. The American Jobs Plan will enable American workers and businesses to build on those successes. It will help reduce barriers for entry to many workers. It will direct billions of dollars toward helping dislocated workers develop new skills and secure a stable, well-paying job, building wind turbines or electric vehicles or making other American-made goods that will be in high demand in the years to come. Another priority for Democrats is throwing a lifeline to working parents. Fortunately, we have made some progress on that front with the child tax credit expansion and other provisions in the American Rescue Plan. Those policies put more money in the pockets of middle-class and low-income working families in the midst of the worst economic recession we have seen in decades. When President Trump left office, 30 million Americans couldn't afford to put food on the table. Think about that. Just 1 month after the American Rescue Plan, that number was reduced to 17 million, and we should never accept that or any number as acceptable in the future. We have cut the number of Americans going hungry by nearly half since President Biden took office, but we still have work to do. We need to provide more relief to parents so they can work a full- time job, if they choose, without having to worry about finding a safe, reliable place for the kids. We have to ensure that low- and middle- income families pay no more than 7 percent, that is what President Biden is asking, no more than 7 percent income on high-quality childcare. And that is on top of billions of dollars in funding the American Jobs Plan would invest in building and retrofitting childcare facilities across our State and Nation. Last week's job report is a wake-up call. We can't just wish this crisis away. We have to act and act together. We can't reopen our economy fully until the virus is under control, and then we can't wait for 10 years to get back on track to where we were a year and a half ago. We can't build a prosperous economy for the future unless we address some of the systemic shortcomings that prevent too many workers from participating fully. Even if next month's job report exceeds expectations, such as the one in March, we need to rebuild our economy and put working families at the center of it, and make bold investments in the future right now. We can keep good jobs in America and build industries that have a future if we are ready to invest in American families. I hope our Republican colleagues will not say: Let's go slow; let's be satisfied with second. You know, maybe we just can't compete with some other countries in the world. I don't buy it. If we believe in America and its workers, we need to invest in them and their future. It is time to think bigger. It is time to believe that this country has a future which is going to be bright if we come together and do our job to stand by working families and the men and women--and, in this moment, particularly the women--who need that helping hand. I yield the floor.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from New Mexico (Mr. Heinrich) and the Senator from Washington (Mrs. Murray) are necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, last month, we lost a generous and beautiful soul with the passing of Claire Serdiuk Anderson. Claire devoted her life to public service. During her 46 years on this Earth, she changed it for the better. As an Illinois native, she advocated for candidates and causes that pushed our State and country to be more like her: kind, gentle, and accepting. Claire was driven, in part, by her Catholic faith. She believed in her sacred responsibility to help others, and she encouraged her friends and family to do the same, with a warm smile and a loving heart. Anyone would have been lucky to sit in the same room as Claire. She would captivate any audience with her gifts as a storyteller and her instincts as a comedian. In addition to graduating summa cum laude from Loyola University, Claire also studied at another venerated Chicago institution: The Second City Comedy Club. She used to say that her background in comedy and improvisation prepared her well for a career in politics. And I can think of more than a few politicians who would be lucky to have half of her charm and charisma. Claire played key roles in the careers of President Obama and other national leaders. She was the financial director for his first campaign for U.S. Senate. Claire also raised funds for my friend and colleague Senator Duckworth when she first ran for Congress. In both instances, Claire was there from the beginning, investing her time, talent, and passion into two candidates who would go on to make history and inspire a new generation of American leaders. I came to know Claire during the early 2000s, when she worked in my Chicago office as my State scheduler. As part of my team, she was beloved for her tenacity and her good cheer. In her eternal wisdom, she left my office in 2004 to help a skinny community organizer in the South Side run for Senate but she remained, always, a treasured member of the extended Team Durbin. In her final act of charity, Claire donated her organs and tissues. I would like to think that, right now, someone may be seeing the world through Claire's wise eyes, perceiving all the possibilities for our future, rather than settling for the ways things are today. I hope all of us can learn from Claire's example. Loretta and I join her husband Kurt, her son Henry, her parents Yvonne and Matthew, her brother Andrew, and everyone in her extended family, and so many friends, in mourning Claire's loss. Thank you for your loving service, Claire. We will miss you.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) is necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) is necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I am going to raise an issue at this point that is not relevant to the water bill. I ask unanimous consent to be given that opportunity.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, we are in the midst of the worst opioid epidemic in a generation, and one tragic aspect of this is the widespread use of fentanyl, a deadly opioid that has killed thousands of people in America. In 2018, the Drug Enforcement Administration took the unprecedented step of placing all fentanyl-related substances, also known as fentanyl analogs, on schedule I under the Controlled Substances Act. That makes it easier to prosecute any individual who sells or even simply possesses fentanyl analogs, and it subjects those individuals to stiff mandatory minimum penalties regardless of individual circumstances. Typically, a drug is only added to schedule I after the Department of Health and Human Services conducts a scientific study to determine if it has a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use. The DEA has had the temporary authority to bypass this process for 2 years. The authority was scheduled to expire on February 6 of last year, 2020. The DEA warned us of the dire consequences if it expired. In response, I worked with Senator Lindsey Graham and Senator Feinstein and authored legislation extending the authority for 15 months, until May 6, 2021. So what did the Trump administration do for the 12 months that it was in office with this issue still looming? Nothing and neither did Congress. Now the Biden administration has asked Congress for an additional extension of the DEA's temporary authority in order to evaluate this issue. Just last week, the Senate confirmed Lisa Monaco as Deputy Attorney General. She will oversee the Drug Enforcement Administration. President Biden's nominee to head the DEA, Anne Milgram, is still to be considered by the Senate, so this request now for a temporary extension seems reasonable. Let me add, though, at the same time as we grapple with the opioid epidemic, we are also in the midst of a national reckoning about racism and massive incarceration in America. We hold more prisoners, by far, than any country in the world. This is largely due to our failed War on Drugs, which has disproportionately targeted people of color. While the majority of illegal drug users and drug dealers in our country is White, the vast majority of people incarcerated for drug offenses is African American or Latino. That is a fact. More than three decades ago--and I remember this well as I served in the House at the time--Congress responded to the dramatic rise in the use of crack cocaine by dramatically increasing sentences for nonviolent drug offenders; for example, with a sentencing guideline for crack cocaine as compared to powder cocaine of 100 to 1. Well, that was it. We were going to get tough. We were going to send a message. It didn't work. The overall use of illegal drugs actually increased after we increased these penalties between 1990 and 2014, and the availability of drugs like heroin and methamphetamine, instead of going down, increased. Senator Cory Booker is the chair of the Criminal Justice and Counterterrorism Subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary. He has brought these concerns to the floor of the Senate time and again. I was proud to join him as well as Senator Grassley and Senator Lee. We authored the FIRST STEP Act to begin reforming our criminal justice system from the previous effort with our War on Drugs. Senator Booker has raised serious concerns about extending the DEA's order when it comes to these fentanyl analogs. For example, he notes the significant racial disparity in fentanyl analog prosecutions. People of color comprise 68 percent of those being sentenced. He also notes that addiction is, in fact, a public health crisis and that we cannot prosecute ourselves out of the opioid epidemic, a lesson we should have learned with the War on Drugs. So there is an important debate to be had about how to effectively combat the abuse of fentanyl, but we cannot resolve it today on the floor of the Senate. The DEA's authority is scheduled to expire next week, and we will be gone. Last week, the House passed a bill extending the scheduling order until October 22. Senator Booker has agreed not to object to the House bill so that the Senate will have an opportunity to debate the future of this DEA authority and consider other important reforms to our criminal justice system. Mr. President, at this point, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the immediate consideration of H.R. 2630, which was received from the House and is at the desk.

Mr. DURBIN. I ask unanimous consent that the bill be considered read a third time.

Mr. DURBIN. I know of no further debate on the bill.

Mr. DURBIN. I ask unanimous consent that the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with no intervening action or debate.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell), the Senator from Maryland (Mr. Cardin), and the Senator from Maryland (Mr. Van Hollen) are necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the postcloture time on the Power nomination expire at 3:30 p.m. today, and that if confirmed, the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table and the President be immediately notified of the Senate's action; that following disposition of the nomination, the Senate resume legislative session and vote on the passage of calendar No. 48, S.J. Res. 14, and that if passed, the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table.

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, at 3:30 p.m., the Senate will vote on confirmation of Samantha Power to be Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development and on passage of the joint resolution of disapproval regarding the methane rule.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) is necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) is necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. I announce that the Senator from Washington (Ms. Cantwell) is necessarily absent.

Mr. DURBIN

Mr. DURBIN. Madam Prescient, this week, the Senate has the opportunity to take a major step on an issue that affects all Americans: infrastructure. Senator Duckworth, my friend and fellow Illinois Senator, is leading a bipartisan effort to finance critical water infrastructure improvements across the country. The Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act authorizes $35 billion in funding to improve access to safe drinking water, fortify our water infrastructure against extreme weather, lower the cost of utility bills, and rebuild aging water systems across America. More than 40 percent of authorized funds will go to small, rural, and disadvantaged communities, many of which have not seen water infrastructure improvements in decades. And believe me, our water infrastructure is in desperate need of improvement. My home State of Illinois has the most lead service lines of any State. Recent reports indicate that 8 in 10 Illinoisans live in a community where lead has been found in the drinking water in the last 6 years. Chicago alone has more than 380,000 lead service lines, the most of any city in the country. My hometown of Springfield has more than 10,000 lead service lines. These numbers are tragic and unacceptable. Every day, millions of my constituents risk exposure to lead, which can impair brain development in children and harm pregnant mothers. The people of Illinois, like many others across the country, sorely need these pipes replaced. Thankfully, this bipartisan bill would begin to tackle the epidemic of lead in our Nation's drinking water. It would authorize $100 million per year for lead service line removal and a further $40 million per year for lead testing in schools. Just imagine what that kind of funding could do to protect vulnerable people and children in Chicago, Springfield, and across our country. But unfortunately, lead is not the only water infrastructure problem facing our communities. A few weeks ago, I visited a small, rural town in Illinois called Centreville. Near my birthplace of East St. Louis, I have known this community all my life. Centreville's population is mostly elderly, Black, lifelong residents. They have faced chronic wastewater and storm water issues for decades. Ordinary rainfall can overflow the town's broken sewer systems and flood residents' basements and lawns with raw sewage. No one risks taking a sip of water from the tap. I have heard from residents about the horror of stepping out of their front door in the morning to discover pools of sewage seeping up through the grass in their front yards. This is a tragic and dangerous situation and one that deserves significant Federal attention. And yet the problem has persisted for decades. Why? Centreville is one of the poorest towns in Illinois and has struggled to attract financial help. The town cannot meet the cost-share requirements of grant programs or qualify for the loans it so desperately needs. Well, the residents of Centreville have spoken up, they are fed up with officials looking the other way. They have every right to feel frustrated. They have every right to demand more of us. For decades our water policy has overlooked their needs and left them to fend for themselves. This cannot continue. That is why I am glad this bill offers towns like Centreville a chance to fix their broken pumps, shore up their drainage ditches, and begin addressing water issues that have been overlooked for far too long. The bill would waive many of the cost-share requirements for small, rural towns like Centreville, giving them a path to the funding they deserve. It also would give on-the-ground technical assistance to disadvantaged communities struggling with their water systems, and provide grants for repairing broken and outdated water infrastructure. To help ensure that this expertise reaches places like Centreville, I offered an amendment to the bill to focus it even further. I want to thank the EPW Committee for including my amendment to require the EPA to prioritize distressed communities like Centreville, that have struggled to attract funds and face the cumulative burden of wastewater and storm water issues. Flooding, lead, drinking water access--none of these problems are new. My colleagues on both sides of the aisle have spent years decrying the state of American infrastructure, and our water is no exception. Despite all the complaining, we have struggled to sit down together and actually address these issues. But for the first time in many years, we not only have a President willing to pursue bold and necessary infrastructure policy, but a majority in the Senate willing to work with him to get it done. While President Biden's American Jobs Plan includes billions more in funding to replace the Nation's lead pipes, this bill is a good-faith, down payment on the President's plan, and importantly, it has bipartisan support. The Drinking Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Act is the first step towards new, meaningful infrastructure policy. I hope that my colleagues will join me in supporting this bill, so we can put a bipartisan down payment on the infrastructure every American needs.