Eddie Johnson

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise to voice my concerns about the President's request for $87 billion to pursue the administration's aims in Iraq. While I strongly support our troops and I stand here as a strong American, and I support the President when it is reasonable and I will continue to support those brave Americans who are getting themselves in harm's way to defend our Nation, I think we must ask ourselves some fundamental questions. To this end, the Congressional Black Caucus has issued a statement of principles as to the war in Iraq. I embrace these principles fully. I was Chair of the caucus when we adopted our principles concerning the war, and we still hold those principles dear. I am deeply concerned about the cost of the war and the cost of the psyche of the people of this Nation. I am also concerned about the economic price tag the war is exacting on the taxpayers. We are shifting the cost of engagement to our children and grandchildren. We are burdening ourselves with a debt that is not only mind boggling; it is also unconscionable. Mr. Speaker, keep in mind that the $87 billion in new funding that the President is requesting from Congress includes more than twice the 2004 budget for the Department of Homeland Security. It is also roughly triple the proposed appropriations for highways and roads. Keep in mind that the combined projected costs of the theaters of operations in Iraq and Afghanistan through September 2004 is $166 billion. That includes the $87 billion. The President has not provided Congress with sufficient details about how the proposed funding will be spent. The information we have been given is vague, perhaps purposely so. Therefore, we are not able to separately evaluate the proposed funding for the protection and maintenance of our troops and proposed funding for rebuilding Iraq. In my view, Congress should vote on these funding proposals separately. Back home, people think that the greatest attention we can give the troops is to bring them home. They really do not want more money spent in Iraq. Moreover, the administration has not articulated an exit strategy, nor has it given us a blueprint or a plan for bringing our troops home. That is what the people want. It was said in the days of old, ``My people perish for a lack of knowledge.'' We are left in that position. Without the information, we are groping in the dark. The American people deserve better and so does Congress. We should not give a blank check one more time for the President to spend with his friends.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the opportunity to be here tonight, and I want to especially thank my good friend, Congresswoman Nydia Velazquez from New York and applaud my House colleagues for their hard work in bringing us together here to acknowledge the important role small business plays in our economy and thank those small business owners for their many contributions. I've always said that small business is the backbone of our State and national economy. Many small businesses are suffering in these trying financial times. Government contracts and spending are a vital source of revenue for small businesses, and in economically tough times it is vital that all levels of government continue to pay diligent attention to small business in their purchasing and contracts. Small businesses do not have high powered lobbyists, and it is important that we ensure that businesses of all sizes have access to government contracts regardless of their ability to buy influence. Today I would like to discuss some important federal legislation that I believe will have important and positive implications for small business, job growth, and economic recovery in this country. Two of the top priorities for the remainder of the 108th Congress are reviving the struggling U.S. economy and reauthorizing the federal highway and transit programs. I am also pleased to announce a congressional resolution that I have authored which will continue aggressive advocacy on behalf of American firms competing abroad, and specifically encourage small and medium- sized American businesses to explore trade openings and gain access to potentially lucrative markets, such as Iraq. We all believe that America's small businesses must not be left behind in the globalization process. Although small businesses are the backbone of the American economy, the overseas investment potential of the small business sector remains relatively untapped. This resolution's objectives are to continue aggressive trade promotion and advocacy on behalf of American firms competing abroad as well as to focus on the next generation of trade issues growing out of the changing global marketplace. As Congress continues its work, I will be working to make sure that more good news is on the way for small businesses. And I want to assure you that I will continue to strongly support Federal programs that benefit small businesses. Both our Federal and state government has an obligation to aid, assist and protect the interests of small businesses. The future of America depends on it.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I am here today to express my support of H. Res. 352, a resolution to remember and honor the historic March on Washington of 1963. This 40th anniversary of the historic March on Washington and Dr. Martin Luther King's universally famous ``I Have a Dream'' speech is a bittersweet moment. I would like to especially thank my colleague, Representative Sanford Bishop for sponsoring this resolution. For many, Dr. King's dream has not come to fruition. It remains unfulfilled. As thousands gather from around the nation and the globe to reenact the fabled march and to rehearse the words of the visionary civil rights leader, we will celebrate the tremendous strides the nation has made on the issues of race, equality and social justice during the past forty years. However, as the leaders and representatives of more than 500 organizations converged at the Lincoln Memorial, we are also reminded that the ``Dream'' Dr. King so eloquently articulated is still beyond the aspirations and the grasp of millions of our citizens. They have been left behind and are left out of the ``Great American Dream.'' Forty years later, some 13 million children in this country do not have enough food to eat. Four decades later 41.2 million people lack health insurance. As the economy shows certain signs of recovery, more than 9.6 million Americans still cannot find jobs. Matters are even worse in minority communities. The African-American unemployment rate hovers at 11.1 percent compared to 5.5 percent for whites. Forty years ago we said, ``I have a dream!'' Today, we say, ``How long will we suffer injustice in America?'' The American people are in jeopardy of losing 50 years of progress in civil rights and civil liberties. In fact, under the guise of the PATRIOT Act we are experiencing a rollback of these hard-earned rights. Elections have been stolen and voting rights have been denied. In Texas, a proposed redistricting plan would disenfranchise minority voters across the state. Mr. Speaker, I encourage all my colleagues to take the time to acknowledge the 40th anniversary of the event that affords all of us an opportunity to rededicate and to recommit ourselves to the vision articulated by Dr. King. Like Dr. King, we can say: ``. . . That in spite of the difficulties and frustrations of the moment, I still have a dream.''

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the leaders on the bill. I am pleased to join my colleagues from Texas this morning in honoring Rafael Palmeiro of the Texas Rangers, a major league baseball team, for his accomplishment in reaching the 500 home run marker in May. Along with his honors, he also has numerous other hitting records, 3 Gold Gloves at first base and he has never been on the disabled list. But it is not just his excellence on the field that explains why he has legions of fans across Texas and the country. He is a man of outstanding character. He is humble even though he is distinguished and destined for the Hall of Fame. It is his humility that he takes out into our community, contributing to so many important causes in the Dallas, Ft. Worth area, the Lena Pope Home in Ft. Worth, Shoes for Orphan Souls, and his own organization, Raffy's 500 Club. Throughout his career, he has spent his time encouraging foster parenting, actively participating in the Make a Wish Foundation, encouraging our youth to read, and raising money for numerous disease research foundations. He is an inspiration to all of people of all ages and he means so much to us in the Dallas, Ft. Worth metroplex. I am pleased to be a co- sponsor of this bill. I thank the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Sessions) for highlighting the hard work and dedication of Rafael Palmeiro.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of AmeriCorps, a program that offers an opportunity for young people and Americans of all ages to contribute to their communities. It makes the dream of college education a reality for families who work hard and play by the rules while meeting compelling human needs in our communities in a cost-effective manner. I have been supportive of all national and community service initiatives President Bush appealed for in his 2002 State of the Union address. But the majority side of the appropriators refused to include AmeriCorps funding in the supplemental appropriations bill. Mr. Speaker, the lack of supplementary funding for AmeriCorps has had a vital impact on Dallas, my hometown, and the other AmeriCorps programs across the State. Throughout the past year, nearly 72 AmeriCorps volunteers have tutored 691 youths in the State of Texas including the Dallas Habitat for Humanities and the YMCA of Dallas Oak Cliff Branch. In Texas, as in other States, AmeriCorps volunteers provide a host of services including building affordable housing, teaching computer skills to youth and seniors, and managing after-school programs aimed at youngsters who might otherwise drop out of school. Mr. Speaker, we will not find common ground or reach higher ground if we turn national service into a partisan playground. I will continue to work hard and do everything I can to strengthen this program, and I ask my House colleagues to do everything as well.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike the requisite number of words. I rise in strong support of this amendment to strike section 114 from the fiscal year 2004 transportation appropriations bill, and I want to thank the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Petri), my committee leader, for offering it, along with the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Olver). This is obesity USA right now. And in Texas along with obesity, we have air pollution; and I believe that the enhancements funding, although small compared to the highway funding, contributes in a major way to building a healthy, active and community-based society. In the Dallas-Fort Worth region, we see families and kids out riding, walking, skating on the Katy Trail every weekend and often during the week. We see people riding bicycles to the park and ride areas to get on the DART area transportation system. The types of trails build a sense of community. They promote physical fitness and increase property values. Enhancements also promote safe ways for kids to get to school. Studies show many more kids want to ride or walk to school, but there is insufficient money to promote safe routes to school. And we see overwhelming obesity in our young people now which leads us to have to spend a great deal more money for health care later. If transportation enhancement funds are cut, there will be virtually no incentives for States and communities to continue to create balanced integrated transportation systems. For more than 20 years through the transportation enhancement program, communities across the Nation have developed and implemented alternative forms of transportation that promote livability, connectivity, and a better quality of life. The vast majority of these projects are locally selected and are of tremendous value to the communities. We need substantial highway funding; but more importantly, we need a balanced transportation system. I encourage my colleagues to support this amendment and restore funding for enhancements that contribute to a higher quality of life, personal health and livability in all of our communities.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise to speak of a brave young Dallas area resident, 2nd Lt. Rozier, who was killed in combat in Iraq on July 19, 2003. I am humbled and grateful that he was willing to make the ultimate sacrifice to this Nation. He is our fallen hero. A grateful Nation should never forget that he had family, friends, and plans for the future. He was just 25 years of age, old enough to dedicate his life to protecting our country. The attack happened just three days after his birthday. Lt. Rozier was born in Dallas. In 1991 moved his family to Katy, Texas. He is a graduate of the Texas A&M University with a bachelor's degree in economics, where he and his wife served in the Corps of Cadets together. Lt. Rozier was a distinguished and decorated soldier. He earned a Bronze Star by bravely helping to rescue injured soldiers under fire, and by enlisting to serve our country in the armed forces he demonstrated his courage and sense of duty. Lt. Rozier made the ultimate sacrifice for all of us, and we all owe him immeasurable gratitude. His uncle, a good and close friend of mine, former DeSoto Mayor Richard Rozier expressed to me the sadness of Rozier family the grief of those who knew and loved him, including his wife, Jessica and his son, Justin. Mr. Speaker, Lt. Rozier will always be remembered by his friends, family and loved ones and will surely be honored by the entire constituency of the Dallas/Forth Worth Metroplex community for his bravery and heroism. I join with this House and with the people of Dallas/Forth Worth Metroplex and Americans all across the country in saying God bless you, Jonathan David Rozier. And God bless America.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize Diane Furnas, chief executive officer of Southwest Airlines Federal Credit Union in Dallas, TX, Ms. Furnas has recently been elected Chairwoman of the Board of the National Association of Federal Credit Unions (NAFCU). Ms. Furnas' dedication to the credit union movement is illustrated by her thirty years of service to the credit union community, including more than 27 years in her current position as the CEO of Southwest Airlines FCU. Ms. Furnas has spent the last three years as the Vice- Chair of NAFCU and she is the first woman elected to chair the NAFCU Board. Throughout her tenure at Southwest Airlines FCU, Ms. Furnas has worked diligently to ensure her credit union's 28,000 members have access to high quality financial expertise. As a member of the Board at NAFCU, Ms. Furnas has been equally diligent in advocating the goals of the credit union community as a whole. From financial literacy to predatory lending and identity theft, Ms. Furnas has ensured that America's 82 million credit union members have a voice here in the nation's capitol. I am certain she will carry on that good work in her role as Chairwoman of NAFCU. NAFCU is the only national trade association that exclusively represents the interests of America's federal credit unions and Ms. Furnas will--no doubt--serve with distinction in her new post. I would like to congratulate Ms. Furnas on her election and wish her the best of luck.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Chairman, I am here today to oppose H.R. 2210, the School Readiness Act of 2003. While I agree that every child deserves an early education--the ``head start''--that they need to get a strong start in life, and to be safe and secure while their parents are at work, providing its funding in the form of block grants and moving the program from the Department of Health and Human Services would strip the program of its effectiveness. Every day, three out of five preschoolers are in childcare and millions of older children are in after-school activities while their parents work. Head Start activities help to shape the way children think, learn, and behave for the rest of their lives, but little attention is being paid to the quality of those experiences. While Head Start offers a strong educational foundation, the program teaches proper nutrition and provides health mental health and mental health screenings and other important services that many of these children would not have if it were not for the Head Start program. This Nation's most comprehensive and successful pre-school program for low- income families, Head Start serves at least 1 million children each year. As a member of this body, but more importantly as a grandmother I am troubled by the administration's plans to dismantle this proven program by turning it over to struggling states. I find this move to be incredulous and it baffles me as to why such a move would be necessary. Disappointingly, last week the Rules Committee voted on a closed rule, which allowed no amendments to H.R. 2210. During the last week, colleagues on both sides of the aisle echoed the need for civility and respect in this institution in making this a better America. Republicans offer a rule that allows changes to their bill without allowing changes to the Democratic substitute, and also blocks consideration of critical Democratic amendments. I understand that my colleagues on the other side of the aisle are doing everything to succeed the President's agenda, but I am shocked that they are doing it at the cost of innocent, deserving young children. This administration is eager to prescribe unfunded mandates yet they offer no tangible means of implementing measures. An issue of great concern to many, which is not addressed in the current bill, is how Head Start programs will comply with new regulations issued by the Department of Health and Human Services (found at 45 CFR part 1310). These new regulations require significant changes to the manner in which these programs transport Head Start children to and from school and were issued without providing programs with any effective means to fund these changes. As a result, numerous programs are having difficulty complying with the transportation regulations and particularly with the next deadline for implementation--January 20, 2004. If an open rule were provided, I planned on offering an amendment. In order to address this problem, I recommend extending the deadline for Head Start programs to comply with the transportation requirements from January 2004 to 2006. During this time period, with the input from the local Head Start centers, I believe these regulations could be effectively revisited and modified. The Head Start program not only involves the child but also recognizes the importance of the family. Head Start has included parents in both the child's education and their membership of in the Head Start Policy Council. Although this bill does focus on literacy, it abandons the comprehensive approach that is fundamental to Head Start's success. There are additional benefits of Head Start, including providing medical screenings, immunizations, nutritional assistance and referral service for families. I have received numerous letters from teachers, parents, and other employees of the Sunnyview and Greater Head Start locations in my district of Dallas, Texas. Each one pleading for additional funding and urging the program to be kept in its current structure. One parent writes, ``they teach them how to write, count, their ABCs, to draw, to be responsible. . . . Many families feel comfortable with this program because they can come in and volunteer in the classes and see what the children are learning.'' Mr. Chairman, we must join hands and commit to work together in our country's educational struggle. A good education is the key component of success in the information age. That is why extending educational opportunity to every child in America has become my principal mission in life. It is my earnest plea that my colleagues will join me and vote against H.R. 2210 in its current form. Head Start should not be moved to the Department of Education, nor should the funding ever be in question by having it succumb to the politics of block grants.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to address the Global AIDS/HIV Pandemic. Unfortunately, this pandemic is proving to be one of the most important issues of our time. In the U.S., 400,000 people have died and more than a million have been infected. However, not only citizens in the U.S. have suffered. Since the advent of the AIDS epidemic, more than 22 million people worldwide have died from the disease. Currently, more than 40 million people are living with HIV/AIDS, the majority in sub-Saharan Africa. The United Nations has estimated that by the year 2010, there will be 40 million children in Africa who will be orphaned by AIDS. Currently, there are 10 million AIDS orphans on the continent of Africa. What have we done and what have we failed to do for these children? Will we continue to deny the magnitude of the problem like we did 20 years ago or will we step forward and be the international leader that we have always claimed? As the most technologically advanced nation and the leader of the free world, the United States has both a moral obligation and compelling national security interests to address the global HIV/AIDS crisis. As a nurse and the former Chair of the Congressional Black Caucus, I support increased funding for this most serious issue. For the first time, there are signs that HIV incidence--the annual number of new infections--may have stabilized in sub-Saharan Africa. New infections in 2000 totalled an estimated 3.8 million, as opposed to a total of 4.0 million in 1999. However, if HIV infections start to explode in countries that have had relatively low rates up to now, such as Nigeria, regional incidence could start rising again. Africa's slight fall in new infections is probably a result of two factors. On the one hand, the epidemic in many countries has gone on for so long that it has already affected many people in the sexually active population, leaving a smaller pool of people still above to acquire the infection. At the same time, successful prevention programmes in a handful of African countries, notably Uganda, have reduced national infection rates and contributed to the regional downturn. I believe that a prevention program, like the one in Uganda which stresses the ``ABC''--``A'' for abstinence, ``B'' for being faithful and ``C'' for condom use when appropriate--has been very successful. Since 1992, infection rates have fallen 30 percent to under 6.5 in just 9 years. However, we cannot rest on our laurels. Much remains to be done. HIV/ AIDS has become a global pandemic which threatens the lives of millions of people. If we learn nothing else from AIDS, let us learn this-- because viruses are not respecters of persons, we must learn to compassionately care for everyone infected and affected. Our failure to do this 20 years ago brought us to where we are today. What will our continued failure to act bring about in another 20 years? Can these children count on us for help or will we blame them like we did so many others in years past? Mr. Speaker, we still have a long way to go to raise awareness about the disease and to ensure that nations have the resources to implement proven prevention and treatment programs. We must do more to help those countries to combat these deadly diseases. We must commit ourselves to doing more, and I hope that this Congress can make that commitment, and I strongly urge the President of the United States to do the same.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to address the most important issue of prescription drug cost. As a former nurse, I am committed to making sure that seniors have the drugs they need to stay healthy without having to make painful choices between buying groceries or paying rent or getting prescriptions filled or even paying their utility bills. As the Medicare issue continues to be debated in Congress, I have always supported what is best that I felt for working people of America. I understand that Medicare provides for so many who have provided so much to our Nation and continue to do so, and I believe sincerely that Medicare should have a provision to work with the pharmaceutical companies, to get discounts just as the discounts are received prior to the senior citizens turning 65. In a study conducted nationwide, Advance PCS found that the average person over 65 fills about 20 prescriptions per year compared to about three per year for a person in their 20s. This study shows that average cost per prescription for a person in his or her late 60s is about 45 percent higher than the average cost per prescription for a person in their 20s. Brandeis University reported that the percentage of elderly spending more than $3,000 annually on medication more than doubled from 1997 to 1999, from 3.7 percent to 8.6 percent. The U.S. Census Bureau estimates that the over-65 population will increase by an average of 304,400 people each year between 2000 and 2005. According to Families USA, the average cost per prescription for seniors has already risen during that time in the past 8 years by 48 percent. It is for these reasons that we must address the high cost of prescription drugs for our seniors. Unfortunately, legislation recently passed in this House does not entitle seniors to any particular drug benefit plan. Instead, the Republican-backed Medicare Prescription Drug and Modernization Act of 2003 provides only a standard benefit and is merely a suggestion for what private plans might offer. This plan provides no assistance for prescription drug cost between $2,000 and $5,600 per year, and nearly half of all of our seniors have prescription drug expenses over $2,000 annually. Democrats know that the American seniors have waited long enough for relief from the Nation's skyrocketing prescription drug prices. Unfortunately, we are not giving our seniors an affordable and dependable plan with no gaps in coverage. Instead, the Republican leadership has chosen to hijack the democratic process yet again by blocking our party's attempts to provide a commonsense prescription drug benefit through the Medicare program. By shutting down opposition, rather than allowing an open debate, the Republican leadership is making it clear that they are afraid to compare their sham prescription benefit plan to the Democratic substitute. When the plans are put side by side, the American public sees that the Republican plan fails to provide any substantive benefits. The public will see that their plan's benefits are so insignificant that it would not be worthwhile for many middle-class seniors to enroll. The Republican plan does nothing to curtail the exploding drug prices because of their ties to the pharmaceutical industry, and that is a matter of record that can be checked. Providing affordable prescription drug coverage should be an issue that transcends partisanship. The American public should be outraged that the Republican leadership is playing politics with the health and well-being of millions of our seniors, and I hope the voters will remember their shameful abuse of power when they go to the polls next November.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the opportunity to be here tonight, and I want to especially thank my good friend, the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Cummings), the chairman of the Congressional Black Caucus, as well as the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Payne) for bringing us together tonight to talk about Africa. The United States' focus on Africa has been sporadic at best, despite our extensive ties to the continent. I strongly believe that our past, present, and future is closely intertwined with Africa. The United States is the leading foreign investor in Africa. Last year the total U.S.-African trade approached $30 billion, and America is Africa's largest single market. Over 30,000 Africans study in America today, and we have almost 35 million citizens of African descent. Mr. Speaker, it is estimated that about 200 million people in Africa are chronically hungry. At least 25 percent of the world's undernourished people live in this region. Millions of Africans, mostly children under the age of 6, die every year as a result of hunger. Since becoming a Member of Congress, I have visited Africa a dozen or more times and have seen both the continent's problems and its promise. From Zimbabwe to Kenya, Gambia to Cape Town, I have been both saddened and inspired. Just 2 weeks ago, I met with the Gambian President, A.J.J. Jammeh, in my office, and we spoke about how our nations can work together to promote economic reform, end conflicts, and build sustainable peace. We also discussed our partnership against crime and terror, which know no borders. I welcome the President's courage and farsightedness in supporting the democratic institutions and accountable government. There is an opportunity to build a true partnership between the United States and Africa, to leave behind the attitudes and habits of the past and seize opportunities to work together to achieve our shared goals. I pledge to work to return American assistance to Africa to its past high levels. I join my Congressional Black Caucus colleagues in making the case to the American people that Africa's peace and well-being are closely bound to our national interests, whether fighting crime and terrorism or promoting exports and trade. The fight against poverty and underdevelopment is a critical part of our struggle of democracy and stability in Africa. I am a passionate believer in the power of biotechnology to boost food production and fight hunger in this developing world. I know that the African continent is in special need of agricultural biotechnology, including transgenic crops. I believe that biotechnology is an indispensable tool that can produce dramatic benefits in food production on the African continent. Biotechnology research has the potential to help the nations of Africa increase food security and improve the quality and nutritional content of food. Additionally, biotechnology can also improve the health of citizens of developing African countries by combating illness. Substantial progress has been made in the developed world on vaccines against life-threatening illnesses. Unfortunately, infrastructure limitations often hinder the effectiveness of traditional vaccinations methods in several developing nations. For example, African clinics sometimes lack the electricity necessary to properly refrigerate and store vital vaccines. Even if a health clinic is able to effectively deliver the vaccines, the cost of multiple needles may hinder vaccination efforts. Additionally, the improper use of hypodermic needles can spread HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Biotechnology offers the prospect of orally delivering vaccines to immunize against life-threatening illnesses through agricultural products in a safe and effective manner. Mr. Speaker, during the 107th Congress we successfully created a competitive merit-based grant program at the National Science Foundation to conduct bio genome research on crops that can be grown in developing countries. I strongly believe this program can make invaluable contributions to the fight against hunger, malnutrition, and disease by providing research grants to the U.S. institutions and scientists in developing countries to address their agricultural challenges. It is my hope that trade disputes between the United States and the European Union and the African countries do not prevent this promising technology from benefiting ordinary Africans who face ongoing food shortages due to agricultural challenges such as pest, drought, and disease. Indeed, the continent may be able to reduce dependency on food aid and increase self-sufficiency through increased investment in generic engineering. We cannot hope to combat poverty without winning the war on HIV/AIDS. The HIV/AIDS epidemic has killed more people than all of the wars of this century combined, and it will leave 40 million children homeless and orphaned by the end of the next decade. The way to beat AIDS is not to ignore or deny it, but to actively prevent it. Countries such as Uganda and Senegal that have faced the threat squarely have begun to see reductions in their infection rates. However, in order for these reforms to take place, Africa must have sustainable stability and peace. I have said repeatedly that our involvement in peacemaking in Afghanistan and Iraq, East Timor and elsewhere around the world is not an excuse for inaction in Africa. It is a challenge to do better. Crises in Congo, Liberia, or Sudan are serious roadblocks to the way of Africa's development, and ending them will be crucial to securing long-lasting prosperity. One of the areas where the international community must improve is in developing the resources of our African partners--so that we can move together, quickly and effectively, to prevent and respond to crises. Mr. Speaker, there is an Arab proverb that says, ``He who drinks of African waters will drink again.'' Africa is too big to ignore, and too rich and too important to be the object of our pity. Africa matters. We will drink, and drink again. Africans will determine their own fate, but our help can make a difference. Our support for democracy, conflict resolution, market reform and sustainable development--these policies serve our national interest and help give Africa hope.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, even though I agree in principle on the intent of the resolution, I believe it could have been drafted differently. I intend to vote ``yes'' on H. Res. 294. All of us who support Middle East peace process are aware of the fragile relationship between Israelis and Palestinians. I believe that future progress toward peace will require a real commitment on the part of Israel and the Palestinians, and the active participation of the United States. Mr. Speaker, I strongly support Israel, but I also strongly support efforts to bring about peace in the region, which will allow the Israeli and Palestinian people to live together side by side without having to endure this type of violence. All sides of this conflict have responsibilities. Israel must take tangible steps now to ease the suffering of Palestinians and to show respect for their dignity. As progress is made toward peace, Israel must stop settlement activity in the occupied territories. Arab nations must fight terror in all forms, and recognize and state the obvious once and for all: Israel has a right to exist as a Jewish state at peace with its neighbors. There is no excuse for terrorist acts. I want to save the lives of Israelis, and I want to save the lives of Palestinians. Both are equally precious, both deserve to live in peace and security. It is in that spirit, and with that faith, that I will continue to work with the Administration to ensure the United States remains firm in its commitment to the principles necessary to guarantee the success of the Arab-Israeli peace process.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise tonight to address the most important issue of Medicare reform. As a former nurse, I have spent much of my career working to ensure that our Nation's healthcare system provides a wide range of affordable services, and we as Members of Congress must be fiscally responsible when it comes to making decisions regarding our budget. Fiscal responsibility entails looking at the whole picture and seeing the effect it may have on all individuals in society. I will continue to work hard to ensure that those who have given to the system will receive their just rewards. This includes continuing to help those who would like to help themselves by providing a means for them to do just that. I will continue to favor programs such as welfare and Medicare that have this objective in mind, and I will oppose any legislation that provides tax cuts which do not benefit all of society. In the year 2000 at my request the House Committee on Government Reform conducted research on prescription drug costs in the Dallas- Fortworth Metroplex. The results of this study were astounding. Seniors in my congressional district paid 122 percent more for prescription drugs than do members of managed care plans and Federal employees. Last Congress I was very disappointed when the House passed the Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit bill, H.R. 4954. This bill passed closely along party lines, did not entitle seniors to any particular drug benefit plan. Instead, this standard benefit is merely a suggestion for what private plans might offer. Unfortunately, we are poised to repeat history if we pass this Republican Medicare bill. I oppose the Republican Medicare bill because it does not ensure that citizens and people with disabilities get the long overdue Medicare prescription drug benefit that is available and affordable to all. There are two essential changes that are needed for the Republican Medicare bill to become palatable. First, the bill must be amended to include a uniform, defined prescription drug benefit that is universally available through Medicare. Second, the bill must reject proposals to privatize the program. These two changes are critical. The Republican Medicare bill must provide a guaranteed drug benefit managed by Medicare. Beneficiaries in traditional Medicare cannot be disadvantaged should private plans be allowed to compete to provide Medicare benefits. Our proposed Democratic amendment would have added a stable, defined drug benefit in Medicare. It is time that we acknowledge that there is an America that is waiting for relief. It is also time for us to acknowledge that the people deserve a little attention rather than the corporations and pharmaceutical companies getting all of the breaks.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 295, had I been present on the Motion to Recommit, I would vote ``aye''; on the next rollcall, No. 296--final passage--I would vote ``no''.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Madam Speaker, I rise in strong opposition to the Small Business Health Fairness Act of 2003, H.R. 660. This legislation would exempt Association Health Plans from state regulations and oversight. As a former nurse, I have spent much of my public career working to ensure that the nation's health care system is affordable and provides the best services possible to all Americans. Although I agree in principle with the Small Business Health Fairness Act H.R. 660), legislation that attempts to reduce the high cost of health insurance for small businesses and the self-employed, after careful review I have developed. One of the problems I have with H.R. 660 is that it would exempt associated Health Plants (AHPs) from state regulation and oversight. I am afraid that this could lead to soaring insurance premiums, discriminatory coverage and loss of crucial protections, such as guaranteed access to medical care and critical benefits. With over 41 million Americans uninsured, and almost 65 percent of them being Hispanic or African America, I am extremely concerned that this legislation coiuld lead to loss of critical health services for some of the neediest families. Madam Speaker, while proponents claim that federal AHPs would make insurance more affordable, and analysis by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) concluded that AHPs would save money primarily by ``cherry picking'' the healthy from the existing insurance pool. The CBO estimated that as a result of the risk pool fragmentation caused by AHPS, health premiums would rise for 20 million workers and dependents while only 4.6 million would experience premium reductions. The CBO also found that the other source of savings would be the result of the elimination of state mandated benefits. Examples of benefits likely to be dropped by AHPs include mental health services, breast and prostate cancer screenings, maternity coverage and prescription drugs. I agree that all families should have access to a affordable health care coverage. But schemes that would exempt association health plans from state oversight would exacerbate existing problems by causing further segmentation of the risk pool and putting consumers at greater risk of plan insolvency and outright fraud. For these reasons urge my colleagues to oppose H.R. 660

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, tonight we honor former Congresswoman Martha Griffiths. I appreciate this opportunity to share with my colleagues my admiration for one of Michigan's and this nation's most distinguished leaders. Martha Griffiths is the woman most responsible for the inclusion of women in the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The Act was a landmark piece of legislation that outlawed discrimination on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, or religion in the election process, employment, public accommodations, or in Federally-assisted programs. It opened the doors of opportunity to women throughout the United States and spurred women across the world to fight for similar laws in their home countries. She was the first woman appointed to the Detroit Recorder's Court, the first woman sent to Congress from her district, the first woman seated on the House Ways and Means Committee in 1954 and the first woman chosen to serve as Michigan's Lieutenant Governor. As the first woman and the first African-American to ever represent the Dallas, TX area in Congress, I have learned a great deal from her empathetic approach to public policy and political leadership. She never forgot that the bills we considered and the policies we crafted affected real people with real families. She always considered how a bill might affect our community's most disadvantaged families. Martha's greatest legislative victory came when she engineered the inclusion of a ban on sex discrimination in the landmark 1964 civil rights legislation, which paved the way for a number of laws and Supreme Court rulings on issues ranging from equal pay to freedom from sexual harassment. She displayed considerable political savvy in 1970 when she employed a little-known parliamentary tactic to blast the ERA out of the House Judiciary Committee, where it had been stalled for 47 years. As a legislator, I admire Martha Griffiths. She earned the respect of her colleagues for both her intelligence and independence; they have described her as ``tough as alligator skin'' with ``a steel-trap mind.'' Mr. Speaker, Representative Martha Griffiths has been a clear, strong and consistent voice for women and women's issues. I am proud to stand here in honor of Martha Griffiths and her legacy.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Chairman, let me express my appreciation for the extraordinary leadership of this Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure and this subcommittee in general in working together to formulate this bill, and I especially would like to voice my support for section 420 of the bill which has important implications for the aviation safety. Over the last several weeks, I have heard from aviation repair stations in the Dallas/Fort Worth area that have told horror stories about the manufacturers refusing to make critical maintenance data available. I was contacted by one repair facility located in the Fort Worth area that has had firsthand experience with the problem that section 420 seeks to remedy. In 1999, one of the manufacturers whose products the facility is authorized to maintain was charging just under $5,000 to keep three maintenance manuals current for 3 years. Now that same manufacturer is charging more than $20,000 to keep those manuals current for just 1 year. That price increase is outrageous and unwarranted, and this is just one example of aviation manufacturers taking advantage of the small businesses, and small businesses hire more people in Texas than any other type of business. Mr. Chairman, we cannot sit by and allow manufacturers to deny access to critical maintenance information, so that we can keep our planes safe for the skies. We cannot sit by as the FAA fails to enforce its own regulations. Section 420 will remedy this situation if it is allowed, and, in turn, we will improve aviation safety and security.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to have my name removed as a cosponsor of H.R. 660.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I have come to the floor this evening to express my concern about the lack of funding by this administration's to our nation's education programs and I wanted to share with my colleagues how this budget matches up with the priorities of the people I represent. On yesterday, in a beautiful ceremony in the Rose Garden, President Bush hosted an event marking the progress, significant progress toward making sure every child in public schools gets a quality education. Now, I am sure that made a great story on last evening's news, but Head Start is more than just news for the nearly 20 million families who have benefited from the program. It is real life. Head Start provides the most comprehensive program for children of low income, working families. In a recent study by the Family and Child Experiences Survey, the findings concluded that children are ready to learn. Another study concluded that Head Start narrowed the gap between disadvantaged children and their peers in vocabulary and writing skills during the program year. I am here today because of this Administration's plans to dismantle this vital program by turning it over to struggling states. It baffles me why such a move would be necessary. Currently, the program provides federal grants directly to community organizations, allowing for local flexibility and strong federal oversight of Head Start's quality. If Head Start is turned over to states' during this time of economic uncertainty, it is very likely they will use Head Start funding to fill gaps in their own programs. Mr. Speaker, the Head Start program not only involves the child but also recognizes the importance of the family. Head Start has included parents in both the child's education and their membership in the Head Start Policy Council. I have received numerous letters from teachers, parents, and other employees of the Sunnyview and Greater Head Start locations in my district of Dallas, Texas. Each one pleading for additional funding and urging the program to be kept in its current structure. One parent writes, ``they teach them how to write, count, their ABC's, to draw, to be responsible . . . . . Many families feel comfortable with this program because they can come in and volunteer in the classes and see what the children are learning.'' Mr. Speaker, in closing I would hope my colleagues on the other side of the aisle would consider listening to the countless voices of children that Head Start prepares for the foundation of their critical learning years. How can we deny them a chance at a decent future? I submit to you, that we cannot. It is our duty as federal lawmakers, that every child is prepared with a quality education so they can be productive citizens of this nation.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 2030, the legislation to designate a Post Office in Hawaii for Patsy Mink. I know I am not alone in support of honoring our dear friend and former colleague, Congresswoman Patsy Mink. Mr. Speaker, Patsy Mink fought tirelessly during her career for improved education. Ms. Mink's coalition-building ability for progressive legislation continued during her tenure in Congress. She introduced the first comprehensive Early Childhood Education Act and authored the Women's Educational Equity Act. Patsy was knowledgeable and courageous and she was committed to people. I am certainly proud to have had the opportunity to serve with her and learn from her example. I miss her, and the people of Hawaii miss her, and her colleagues fondly remember her commitment and devotion to public service. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 2030, legislation to designate a post office in Hawaii as the Pasty Mink Post Office Building. I know I am not alone in support of honoring our dear friend and former colleague, Congresswoman Patsy Mink. Throughout her career, Patsy Mink was a trailblazer among Asian- American women. Born in Maui in December of 1928, she was encouraged to excel in the world of academia. Her life was a continuous breaking down of barriers: the first woman to be elected to the Territorial House, the first Asian-American woman to practice law in Hawaii, and the first woman of color elected to Congress. Mr. Speaker, there was no hurdle our dear friend Patsy could not overcome. After obtaining her law degree from the University of Chicago in 1951, she decided to open her own law practice when no one was willing to hire her. During this time, getting a job in the legal field for women was very difficult. She seamlessly combined her work, marriage, and life as a new mother. In 1965, Patsy Mink was elected to Congress and began the first of six consecutive terms in the House of Representatives. Mr. Speaker, Patsy fought tirelessly during her career for improved education. Mink's coalition-building ability for progressive legislation continued during her tenure in Congress. She introduced the first comprehensive Early Childhood Education Act and authored the Women's Educational Equity Act. Patsy Mink was a trailblazer and fighter for her constituents in Hawaii, as well as the rest of the nation. She was a solid supporter of the Congressional Black Caucus and for that I am grateful. As a disciplined and focused advocate for the voiceless, she will be forever etched in our hearts and commitment to this body. Patsy was a knowledgeable, courageous women--committed to people. I am certainly proud to have had the opportunity to serve with her and learn from her example. I will miss her, and the people of Hawaii will miss her and her colleagues will fondly remember her commitment, determination, and devotion to public service.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay tribute to former Texas State Representative, Irma Rangel, who passed away after a long battle with cancer on March 18, 2003, at the age of 71. Throughout her career, Irma Rangel was a trailblazer among Mexican- American women. Born in Kingsville, TX, in 1931, Irma was a pioneer advocating for women, minorities, and the poor, ensuring a voice for those who might otherwise remain voiceless. Continuing on her path of breaking down barriers, Irma became one of the first Hispanic female law clerks for Federal District Judge Adrian Spears. In 1976, after 14 years of teaching in Texas and graduated from St. Mary's Law School, Irma became the first Mexican American woman to serve in the Texas House of Representatives. Mr. Speaker, this great leader spent much of her time in the Texas state house fighting for equal opportunity in education. In her fourth term, Irma joined the House Higher Education Committee, focusing on higher education because it was not guaranteed by the Texas Constitution. She once said her proudest moment was passing legislation in 2001, to establish a pharmacy school at Texas A&M University- Kingsville. In 1997, after the controversial Hopwood decision, the case that struck down affirmative action in college admission at the University of Texas, Irma passed legislation to allow all students in the top 10 percent of their high school graduating class automatic admission to any of the State's colleges or universities. Mr. Speaker, Irma fought tirelessly to the end of her life for improved education. Despite her illness, she waited an hour and a half to testify before a House Appropriations Committee hearing over proposed funding cuts for South Texas universities and community colleges. I would like to especially thank my colleague and fellow Texan Ruben Hinojosa for leading a special order in honor of Irma Rangel. Irma Rangel was a trailblazer and champion of Texas. Irma was not just a leader in Texas politics but also inspiration to all of us in the Texas delegation. I am certainly proud to have had an opportunity to serve with her and learn from her example. Irma was absolutely delightful, which made our working relationship so wonderful. I will miss her bubbly and cheerful spirit. The people of Texas and her constituents in Kingsville will miss her and her colleagues will fondly remember her courage, determination, humility, and devotion to public service.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, the real ``shock and awe'' is what's happening to American workers. The House of Representatives passed an extension of unemployment insurance benefits on January 27th for almost 3 million unemployed American workers. At that time I stated that the legislation is, albeit a small one, step in the right direction. However, I was supportive of a much stronger unemployment compensation extension, one that would have provided benefits to an additional 1 million American workers whose benefits have expired. Specifically, on December 28th, 800,000 Americans lost their extended unemployment benefits. The Temporary Extended Unemployment Compensation (TEUC) program ended on December 28th because the President and House Republicans rejected Democratic pleas to extend the TEUC program with a compromise bill that the Senate had passed unanimously. I was in full support of the House Democrats' comprehensive unemployment benefits bill introduced by Representative Rangel. This bill would have reestablished and expanded the Federal extended unemployment benefits program. Most importantly, it would have guaranteed all jobless workers at least 26 weeks of extended benefits. Unfortunately, the House GOP leadership refused to allow a vote on this Democratic bill. Instead, they only allowed members to vote on their bill, which provides an extension of only 13 weeks of extended unemployment benefits, with no extension to workers whose benefits have already expired. Mr. Speaker, the Dallas-For Worth's 100 biggest employers shave eliminated about 41,000 jobs in the last two years, according to the Dallas Morning News' Annual Top 100 Employers ranking. The big employers have been hit especially hard because they include a high proportion of technology and telecom companies. More than a third of the region's total job losses at employers of all sizes were in technology, according to one estimate. And the long-suffering industry has shown no signs of rebounding . To make matters worse, my District's biggest local employer, AMR Corp., parent company of American Airlines Inc., expects to shed thousands more jobs in coming months in an effort to keep the company solvent. The airline cut 3,000 jobs in the last year and this month began notifying 7,100 unionized workers that their jobs would be cut under the new concessionary contracts approved by the unions. Dallas- based Greyhound Lines Inc., the nation's largest operator of passenger buses and number 78 on this year's list, lost about 200 employees. And the cuts may not be over. In the last three years alone, of the 105,000 jobs lost in the Dallas area, 30,000 to 40,000 were probably in information technology. And it's taking longer than ever for those unemployed workers to find new jobs. Such figures stand in sharp contrast to February 2001, when unemployment in Dallas was 4.2 percent. In unemployment figures released recently, the nation's jobless rate had reached 6 percent, matching December's eight-year high. More than 500,000 Americans have lost their jobs in the last three months alone. Mr. Speaker, we will need to provide meaningful assistance to workers by passing health care relief for those who have lost their coverage along with their jobs. This Congress should stay here, extend unemployment benefits for at least an additional 13 weeks, and tackle the serious problem of how we are going to put America back to work. These are the kinds of real benefits that we owe American families.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise in homage of Asian Pacific American Month to honor our nation's Asian Pacific American communiy. I am honored to share in the occasion of the 25th Anniversary of such a special month. The beauty of our nation comes from the diversity of its colorful fabric, which includes the Asian Pacific American community. More than 12.5 million APAs make up one of the fastest growing segments of the United States population. I am certainly grateful for all of the countless contributions Asian Pacific Americans have made to our society. Asian Pacific Americans have blazed trails in a myriad of professions including academics, science, business, music, technology, sports and, of course politics. Mr. Speaker, I would be remiss if I mentioned great Asian Pacific Americans and not mention my good friend former Representative Patsy Mink of Hawaii. Although she is no longer with us, her presence is still felt, here in the halls of Congress. Patsy was a knowledgeable, courageous woman--committed to people. In April of 2002, with the help of my colleagues in the Congressional Asian Pacific, Black, and Hispanic caucuses, we established the Tri- Caucus, a collective caucus with the purpose of addressing issues of mutual concern. This group is dedicated to many issues that affect our diverse constituency. Specifically, the Tri-Caucus focuses on immigration, health care, education, and economic development issues. One year after the September 11th tragedy, the Tri-Caucus participated in the historic Commemorative Joint Session of Congress in New York City and held a Business Roundtable that assembled a host of leaders in the business community to explore economic development strategies. The Tri-Caucus also presented a joint statement on the affirmative action case at the University of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, APAs have contributed to this nation since their first settlement was established in the bayous of Louisiana in 1763. In the midst of World War II, more than 12,000 Japanese Americans volunteered for an all-Japanese combat unit, many of them came from mainland concentration camps after President Franklin Roosevelt signed an Executive Order authorizing the forced relocation and detention of 120,000 Japanese Americans, as well as Japanese Latin Americans. The Legendary 442nd Regimental Combat Team went down in history as one of our nation's most decorated military units. To date, there are more than 284,000 Asian American military veterans. Mr. Speaker, in closing, I would like to encourage my colleagues in the House of Representatives and citizens around the nation to explore the rich culture, achievements and contributions of the Asian Pacific American community.

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas

Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to be heard out of order for 5 minutes.