James Risch

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each year I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of small businesses in my home State of Idaho as part of the Support Local Gems All Season Long initiative. Today, I am pleased to honor iSource as one of Idaho's Local Gems. Devin Dial opened iSource, Rexburg's first-ever Apple repair store, in 2013. It was one of the only Apple-authorized service providers in eastern Idaho. Consequentially, Idahoans were forced to drive elsewhere for their repair needs. After hearing requests from customers to bring iSource to Idaho Falls, Dial and co-owner Remington Sharp expanded the business in August of 2024. They plan to grow their business to additional locations in the future. As still one of the few Apple-certified repair stores in the region, iSource specializes in fixing broken phones. From the front screen to cameras and microphones, iSource can fix it all. Along with repair, iSource also sells, trades, and trains on all Apple products. Whether an Idahoan is interested in the latest model or needs assistance learning a new feature, iSource can help them with all of it in a local setting. Congratulations to the Dials, Sharps, and all the employees at iSource. You are a great example of growth and building a local business, and I am proud to honor you as a Local Gem. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each year I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of small businesses in my home State of Idaho as part of the Support Local Gems All Season Long initiative. Today, I am pleased to highlight Freedom Tires as one of Idaho's Local Gems. Freedom Tires was founded by Ryan and Kimberly Humphrey in 2023. As the parents of two children Walker and Harper, the Humphreys understand the importance of time and convenience to young families. Their unique business model brings the tire shop to their customers' houses, giving Idahoans back more of their precious time. Freedom Tires began in Lewiston but has partnered with Kenny and Sherry Gingras of KG Maintenance to bring a mobile tire service to nearby Moscow. They recently added services to cater to commercial and agricultural customers as well. Both the Humphreys and the Gingrases are dedicated to public service. Kimberly is a registered nurse at a local hospital, and Ryan serves as a paramedic firefighter for the local fire department. Sherry has a master's degree in education and works with surrounding school districts through the University of Idaho's Safe Routes to School Program. Their commitment to giving back extends beyond their professions to the heart of their business. Freedom Tires donates to organizations like Jackson's Pay It Forward Foundation, local youth sports teams, church fundraisers, and more. Every year, to mark their anniversary, they give away a free set of tires to a community member in need. Congratulations to the Humphreys, Gingrases, and all of the employees at Freedom Tires on their selection as a Local Gem. Thank you for serving Idaho as small business owners and entrepreneurs. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each year I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of small businesses in my home State of Idaho as part of the Support Local Gems All Season Long initiative. Today, I am pleased to honor MidStar Firearms as one of Idaho's Local Gems. Justin Davis founded MidStar Firearms in 2011 with a vision of providing top-notch firearm retail and maintenance services to the Middleton community. After hiring Bill Garrett to build a permanent retail space for the business, the two became friends. In 2020, Justin sold MidStar to Bill and his wife Tracey. Today, the Garrett family proudly runs the business, with Bill and Tracey at the helm and their two sons Tyler and Neil managing the storefront and operations. Together with their team of four full-time employees, MidStar delivers exceptional service to their customers 5 days a week. MidStar Firearms has a reputation for excellence and has been recognized as the best gunsmith store in the Treasure Valley. They offer a wide range of firearms and ammunition, including hunting rifles, shotguns, and concealed carry weapons. The business provides firearm maintenance and upkeep services, ensuring customers receive high-quality care. At the heart of MidStar Firearms is a commitment to treating every customer like family. To them, it is not about the gun but the experience and the quality after the purchase. Congratulations to the Garretts and all the MidStar Firearms employees on their selection as a Local Gem. Thank you for serving Idaho as small business owners and entrepreneurs. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Madam President, I rise in opposition to the resolutions that we have before us. For 76 years--and, by the way, I agree and associate myself with the remarks of my friend and colleague from Nevada and not so much with my colleagues from Vermont and Oregon, but I respect them individually. I am in opposition to these resolutions before us, and I want to speak for a few minutes as to why. For 76 years, the United States has stood with the State of Israel, our strongest ally in the Middle East, but, today, Members of this body are sending a message that the United States' support for Israel is in question. It is not. This comes after a difficult year during which this administration has egregiously undermined Israel's ability to defend itself as it fights a several-front war against Iran and our common enemies. The administration has withheld weapons and ammunition. It has issued National Security Memorandum 20, which has held Israel to arbitrary standards and interfered in Israel's domestic politics--all in an effort to placate the far left of the Democratic Party during our own domestic elections. Today, instead of acknowledging that American support for Israel is still strong, these resolutions seek to say that support for Israel has changed. It has not. I know these resolutions will fail, and I hope the world will hear me when I say that the people of America support Israel--full stop--but I think it is important to remember how we got here. This administration foolishly thought we could get along with Iran and beg the Iranians to talk. When the Iranians refused, the administration released billions of dollars in frozen assets in an effort to buy the Iranians off. Meanwhile, the administration reversed U.S. sanctions policies that had cut off the flow of money to the Iranians. The Iranian ghost fleet, which Tehran uses to evade sanctions, grew from under 80 ghost ships moving oil to now over 300 ships. Awash with money and knowing the administration would not challenge Iranian bad behavior, Iran knew it could start this war in Gaza without consequences. Rather than focusing on Iran's behavior, these resolutions before us today are the predictable evolution of the administration's horrible and failed policies that seek to both appease the critics of Israel and isolate the Jewish State in the international community at a time of its greatest need. The departure from the regular process for moving arms sales and the administration's repeated threats to halt assistance to Israel invited these resolutions that are now before us. Withholding arms sales signals to the terrorists that American support for Israel is conditional and encourages Iran's proxies to extend the war in Gaza, further risking civilians and incentivizing Hezbollah to continue its attacks on Israel from the north. We must stand with Israel as it confronts these threats. Voting in favor of these resolutions would have significant foreign policy implications far beyond the Middle East. U.S. allies across the globe will lose confidence in the United States as a dependable security partner. Partners straddling the fence between the United States on the one hand and China and Russia on the other are watching this and watching closely. They will certainly draw the conclusion that the United States is a fickle friend that cannot be relied upon to follow through on its commitments in the hour of their greatest need. To make it worse, these resolutions highlight that, instead of confronting our adversaries and their bad actions, the United States will, instead, call on our friends to simply take it and to threaten them if they do not just take it. The support for Israel has traditionally enjoyed broad, bipartisan support. I know that is true today. As such, I ask my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to vote no on these resolutions and to deliver a strong voice of support for Israel. I yield the floor.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each month, I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of a small business in my home State of Idaho. Today, I am pleased to honor Soldier Mountain Highlands & Huns as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for November 2024. Soldier Mountain Highlands & Huns (SMH Ranch) is a first-generation family ranch nestled on 120 acres at the base of the Sawtooth Mountains. The fulfillment of Dennis Stitt's lifelong dream, SMH Ranch focuses on promoting a healthy lifestyle, conserving precious wild lands, and preserving the heritage of small farmers and ranchers. SMH Ranch is feeding the world one steak at a time. Stitt has proven that small farms can be profitable by producing the best steaks through environmentally enhancing soil regenerative practices. SMH Ranch prioritizes sourcing from and selling to the local community, even buying hay from farmers on the Camas Prairie. They take pride in their herd of heritage Scottish Highland cattle, which are naturally hardy and thrive on arid grasslands. In addition to their cattle production, Soldier Mountain Highland is home to an Airbnb for those who wish to learn more about the operation. Dennis Stitt, the founder of SMH Ranch, served in the Army and Army National Guard for 39 years, including as an engineer officer and commander at the company, battalion, and brigade level of the 116th Cavalry Brigade Combat Team and the Idaho Training Center. Dennis is active in the veteran community, serving on the boards of the Idaho chapter of the Farmer Veteran Coalition, FARE Idaho, and the Idaho Horse Council. He is the founding chair of Soldiers of the Soil LLC and Idaho Mounted Cavalry LLC. Soldiers of the Soil, a podcast dedicated to educating and inspiring veteran farmers and military trained land managers, is one of Dennis's many efforts to improve the veteran and farming community. Congratulations to Dennis and the rest of the team at SMH Ranch on their selection as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for November 2024. Thank you for serving Idaho as small business owners and entrepreneurs. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, alongside my esteemed colleagues Senator Mike Crapo and Representative Mike Simpson, I rise today to honor the formal turnover of the S5G Prototype from the Naval Reactors Idaho Branch Office (NR-IBO) and Fluor Marine Propulsion, LLC (FMP) to the U.S. Department of Energy Idaho Cleanup Project (DOE-ICP) and Idaho Environmental Coalition (IEC). This momentous occasion marks the early completion of the turnover of the S5G Prototype, a defueled naval nuclear propulsion plant that holds significant historical and strategic importance in safeguarding our national defense. The S5G Prototype is a technological marvel born in 1961 and represents a pivotal chapter in our Nation's engineering history. Operational from September 1965 to May 1995, this remarkable prototype played a critical role in training 11,844 enlisted, officer, and civilian operators. The third and last prototype at the Naval Reactors Facility (NRF), S5G represented the pinnacle of science and technology in its generation, and the contributions to Cold War military applications and the U.S. Naval Nuclear Program is recognized by S5G's eligibility for listing in the National Record of Historic Places. The accomplishments of the S5G Prototype paved the way for the construction and commissioning of the USS Narwhal, SSN-671, a submarine of such versatility that much of its record is still classified. The NRF's original, and main purpose, until 1995, was to test the concepts for nuclear propulsion and train sailors on their applications with three NRF Prototypes: S1W, A1W, and S5G. This turnover brings us to the final leg of a journey with a clear and achievable goal: the removal of all three prototypes at NRF by 2030. The journey began with the turnover of the S1W in January 2022, followed by the turnover of the A1W Prototype in November 2023, and, now, the turnover of the final prototype, S5G. This turnover marks the end of an era and a continued commitment from the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program to manage radioactive and hazardous materials from cradle to grave, ensuring no adverse effects on the environment or public health. Decommissioning older, non- mission-critical facilities not only reduces workforce needs, but also allows resources to be allocated more efficiently to support the core mission of the U.S. Navy. The formal turnover of the S5G Prototype serves as a milestone and testament to the incredible results that can be achieved when people and organizations are united with a shared purpose. We extend our sincere gratitude to each person involved for their unwavering dedication and hard work. This turnover is a significant step toward ensuring the Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program continues to power maritime dominance for the Navy and our Nation well into the future. It also reaffirms our steadfast commitment to safeguarding our national defense, paying homage to our history, and preserving our national treasures.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, today, I rise to honor and recognize the extraordinary career of Kristine Hanisch, whose dedication to the U.S. Senate spans over 35 years. During her storied tenure, Kris has diligently and graciously served in the offices of four U.S. Senators: Senators Symms, Craig, Allard, and myself. She has witnessed and contributed to a significant chapter of American and Senate history. Kris's journey from a small town in north Idaho to a senior position in the U.S. Senate is a testament to her determination and commitment to improving the lives of others. Few possess Kris's depth of knowledge about the inner workings of the U.S. Senate. Her insights and understanding of the legislative process have made her a valuable asset to our team and to the institution as a whole. In addition to her many accomplishments, Kris was involved with, and at one point led, the Administrative Managers Steering Committee--a select, bipartisan group of administrative managers and chief clerks chosen to represent their peers in the Senate community. This committee focuses on influencing solutions that improve efficiency and modernize operations within the Senate. She was a member of the very first advisory group that helped create the Senate personnel system, known as OTIS. Kris also participated in the peer support group through the Employee Assistance Program (EAP), demonstrating her commitment to fostering a supportive environment for her colleagues. I want to extend my heartfelt gratitude to Kris for her exceptional service. She is truly one of a kind, and our office will not be the same without her. On behalf of myself, Vicki, and all who have worked alongside Kris in the Risch organization over the past 16 years, I want to express our deep appreciation for her contributions to Idaho and our Nation. As Kris embarks on this new chapter in her life, we wish her all the best in her future endeavors. Thank you, Kris, for your devotion and for being an integral part of our Senate office.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, today, I join Idaho State Representative Barbara Ehardt to recognize and honor her enduring fight to protect title IX and the freedoms of female athletes. For more than 50 years, title IX has been instrumental in leveling the playing field for women's sports. It has ensured safer and fairer competition and opened doors to incredible opportunities for generations of American girls and women. By recognizing the fundamental, biological differences between men and women, title IX allows each to pursue educational programs and activities equally, including athletics. Title IX is not just a bureaucratic regulation; it is a representation of our dedication to fairness and opportunity for men and women. Representative Ehardt is quick to say that title IX changed her life. It gave her opportunities to participate and win in school athletics-- eventually propelling her to a 15-year career as a NCAA Division I women's basketball coach. Representative Ehardt's story is echoed by countless women across the county who have worked tirelessly to compete in the sport they love. Generations of Americans have devoted themselves to promoting and advancing women's sports, including right here in the Gem State. In 2020, Idaho became first in the Nation to enact legislation that protects female athletes through the Fairness in Women's Sports Act. I thank Representative Ehardt for spearheading this bill and Idaho Governor Brad Little for signing it. The Fairness in Women's Sports Act protects the integrity of women's sports and guarantees fair competition for Idaho's female athletes. Despite more than 50 years of progress, threats to dismantle and distort the protections in title IX persist. Today, Americans fear the loss of safety and opportunity for their daughters in education and athletics. In Congress, I will continue to fight to protect fairness in women's athletics and defend the provisions in title IX from these dangerous attacks. We must not erase the contributions of women and girls in athletics. We must empower and provide the framework that allows young girls and women to play, compete, and win. With the support and incredible work of people like Representative Ehardt, I am certain we will ensure these rights for women in Idaho and beyond. I am proud to deliver Representative Barbara Ehardt with this gold letter in recognition of her devotion to fairness in women's sports and selfless efforts to provide Idaho girls and women with opportunities to succeed.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, fellow Senators, I rise today in opposition to the nomination of Michael Sfraga to be Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs, not because I don't think we need an ambassador--we do--and not because I don't think Mr. Sfraga has the knowledge and the expertise to do this--I think he does--and not because he is not a nice person--I have met him. He is very engaging. I think he is a nice person, generally. The Arctic is a critically important region under threat from increasing Russian and Chinese activity. An Arctic Ambassador should help advance U.S. leadership, but this person must demonstrate experience and sound judgment, not just in science but also in matters of national security. Dr. Sfraga is not qualified in that regard as far as I am concerned. In fact, I believe he makes the situation worse. Based on his evasiveness during his vetting by the Foreign Relations Committee, I believe Dr. Sfraga could pose a counterintelligence and foreign malign influence threat to our Nation. I don't say that lightly. Dr. Sfraga was asked repeatedly to provide his foreign travel, his foreign contacts, and his appearances on panels to the vetting personnel, and he failed to be open and transparent. He updated his file four times--maybe a new record--each time only after being confronted with additional information he tried to conceal. For instance, while at the University of Alaska Fairbanks, Dr. Sfraga negotiated no less than 27 MOUs with Chinese academic institutions tied to China's intelligence services. Only after confronting him did Dr. Sfraga admit that he negotiated these MOUs. One in particular was with a Chinese university with ties to Chinese intelligence services, and the MOU gave the Chinese access to the university's IT systems, exposing it to substantial cyber threats. On Russia, Dr. Sfraga failed to disclose a panel he spoke on in November 2021. Transneft, a sanctioned Russian state-owned energy firm, sponsored this conference. He also failed to disclose articles he wrote and events he spoke at where he advocated for Arctic engagement with Russia and China, as required by the SFRC's questionnaire. There is no one questioning that engagement is necessary. I really think that he is naive, at best, as far as dealing with Russia and China. And, in his defense, the entire academic community, for that matter, shares this naivety when compared to our national security Agencies. In May 2023, I took the unusual step of formally requesting the FBI to conduct a supplementary background check. In the 16 years that I have been here as a Senator, I have never asked the FBI for any kind of an investigation. I asked that this be supplemented. The FBI's response stated it could not conduct this investigation without White House permission, which the White House would not grant. This means the Senate does not have a complete picture of the counterintelligence or other risks to our national security posed by Dr. Sfraga. The majority leader should never have scheduled a vote on Dr. Sfraga until a full vetting was complete and until this body, which is a safeguard for our national security, had all the information that it needed. It doesn't. Despite the poor due diligence on this nominee, there is still time for the Senate to do the right thing. I know it won't. I know this is essentially going to be a party-line vote. The Democrats want this person; they are going to get him. If we truly care about advancing American and U.S. leadership in the Arctic and tackling the threats posed by our adversaries, we must do better--a lot better--than deliberately putting personnel in place that can pose a risk to national security. This appointment is such an appointment. This is not some political person going into a place where they can't do any harm. This is a person who is going to be at the crossroads of national security, dealing with people from China, for instance, every one of whom is an agent of the Chinese Communist Party, because every Chinese national is an agent of the Communist Party, and they have no ability to conduct themselves freely. I urge my colleagues to vote no on the nomination of Michael Sfraga for Ambassador at Large for Arctic Affairs.

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that I be permitted to speak for up to 4 minutes prior to the scheduled rollcall vote.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, I rise today to honor the 35th anniversary of the Warhawk Air Museum in Nampa, ID. This remarkable institution is a global attraction for history enthusiasts and airplane lovers of all ages. The museum's roots trace back to 1986, when John and Sue Paul moved to Idaho from California, bringing with them a PT-19 WWII trainer, a P- 40E, and their passion for restoring World War II airplanes. They worked out of a hangar at the Caldwell airport, bringing planes back to life and flying them as they could. The community quickly fell in love with these historic aircraft, often gathering to watch them soar through the Treasure Valley skies. Inspired by the planes' history, residents began contributing their own WWII memorabilia to the Pauls' hangar, hoping to create a meaningful tribute to U.S. history. The community's enthusiasm culminated in the official establishment of the Warhawk Air Museum in 1989. As the collection of war memorabilia expanded, John and Sue outgrew the original hangar. Looking to construct a larger facility, they found a unique way to help fund the endeavor: Hollywood. Because of the authenticity on display at the Warhawk, the museum's Curtiss P-40N ``Warhawk'' and Curtiss P-40E ``Kittyhawk'' were featured in the 2001 movie ``Pearl Harbor.'' Proceeds enabled the Pauls to construct a new facility in Nampa, which opened its doors in 2001. Motivated by their success and larger facility, John and Sue sought to expand their collection to honor veterans from all eras. With additional proceeds from the use of their Curtiss P-40E ``Kittyhawk'' in the 2008 film ``Valkyrie,'' the museum expanded again, creating a space to honor those who served in Korea, Vietnam, and the Cold War-era. The public can see both of these P-40 aircraft on display every year at the museum's annual Warbird Roundup, which brings historic planes from around the country to Idaho for an airshow that takes spectators back in time. Beyond preserving physical artifacts, the Warhawk Air Museum is committed to safeguarding the stories of our veterans. Collaborating with the Library of Congress, their dedicated staff and approximately 80 volunteers work with veterans to share their experiences, ensuring firsthand accounts of their service and sacrifice are recorded for future generations. To date, more than 1,300 veterans' stories have been preserved by the Warhawk's Veterans History Project. The Warhawk Air Museum serves not only as an educational resource for Idahoans, but also as the host of the largest monthly gathering of veterans in the State. Each month, the Kilroy Coffee Klatch brings together over 250 veterans, providing an opportunity for them to connect with others who may have served in the same branch of the military or conflict. This monthly event features a variety of speakers, many of whom are volunteers at the museum or regular attendees of the Coffee Klatch, covering a plethora of topics, such as serving in WWII or as a Dustoff helicopter pilot in Vietnam. Each month brings a new speaker and a new perspective on what it means to serve our great country. Under the leadership of executive director Carson Spear, the Warhawk Air Museum continues its mission ``to educate visitors about the cost of freedom and honor those who paid its price.'' The museum is developing a new hangar to honor those who served and sacrificed in the Global War on Terror. Once complete, the Warhawk will be one of the few museums in the country with an exhibit dedicated to this conflict. I am proud to have the Warhawk Air Museum in the great State of Idaho. It exemplifies the values that Idahoans hold dear, and I look forward to witnessing the continued impact this institution will have in our State and Nation.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each month I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of a small business in my home State of Idaho. Today, I am pleased to honor Innovative Electric Services, Inc., as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for October 2024. Innovative Electric Services, founded by Kelly and Mindy Watkins, opened in 2018 in Clearwater County. A family-owned and operated business, the Watkins were motivated to frame their company after personal experience with the lack of trade services available in rural areas. Their exceptional work ethic and integrity, coupled with their efforts to reach rural areas, have contributed to their success. Within a year, they were able to expand their team and move to a larger location. Kelly and Mindy credit their continued success to their exceptional team of 10 employees and the Watkins' three sons Kade, Ryan, and Jase, who are invaluable to the business. Their youngest son is carrying on the family legacy as he begins his second year as an electrical apprentice. Innovative Electric Services puts a high premium on engaging with local businesses and community circles. They are robust supporters of local sports, education, and 4-H programs. In addition to donations, they generously give materials and labor to community projects, including sporting facilities for the Orofino High School. Congratulations to the Watkins and all of the employees at Innovative Electric Services on their selection as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for October 2024. Thank you for serving Idaho as small business owners and entrepreneurs. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each month I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of a small business in my home State of Idaho. Today, I am pleased to honor Anderson's Body and Glass as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for September 2024. Anderson's Body and Glass opened in 1985 in American Falls when Delane Anderson was 24 years old. Now owned and operated by Delane, his wife Laura, and son Greg, the repair shop has served residents in American Falls, Rockland, Aberdeen, and Pocatello for nearly four decades. Throughout the years, Delane and Laura's four children have all taken turns working at the shop. Today, their dedicated team of seven employees prioritizes superior quality and exceptional customer service. Their mission is to make customers' collision repair experience as pleasant as possible by charging only for necessary services at an affordable price. From collision repair to windshield replacements, customers appreciate the peace of mind Anderson's gives them and the prompt attention that enables them to get back on the road as quickly as possible. Anderson's puts a high premium on engaging with both business and community circles. They have previously been recognized as a Business of the Year by the American Falls Chamber of Commerce, inducted into the American Falls Education Foundation Hall of Fame, and received the Outstanding Community Service Award from Power County. Congratulations to the Andersons and all of the employees at Anderson's Body and Glass on their selection as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for September 2024. Thank you for serving Idaho as small business owners and entrepreneurs. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Madam President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each month I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of a small business in my home State of Idaho. Today, I am pleased to honor 7B Boardshop as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for August 2024. Located in Sandpoint, 7B Boardshop provides the growing community with skateboards, snowboards, and related apparel and accessories. North Idaho has a variety of excellent places to skate in the summer and snowboard in the winter, including Schweitzer Ski Resort. 7B Boardshop's owner Rory Whitney grew up in the area and recognized the needs of both local residents and the many tourists who visit our beautiful State. Rory opened 7B Boardshop in 2010, its name a reference to the license plate number of Bonner County, where Sandpoint is the county seat. His business continues to thrive as customers recognize the high quality of his products and his excellent customer service. Rory has not merely focused on growing his business since 2010, but has also prioritized serving the community. He helped form the Bonner County Skatepark Association, which is spearheading an expansion of Sandpoint's skate park. The skate park needed significant work to meet the demand of Sandpoint's growing population, and Rory has been a leader in raising money and building community support to complete the project. Congratulations to Rory Whitney and the employees at 7B Boardshop on their selection as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for August 2024. Thank you for serving Idaho not only as small business owners and entrepreneurs, but also as community leaders. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. I ask for the yeas and nays.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. I ask for up to 5 minutes, equally divided for myself and Senator Cardin, prior to the rollcall vote.

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, I rise in opposition to the nomination of Margaret Taylor to be Legal Adviser of the Department of State. While serving as general counsel at USAID, some USAID contractors and partners repeatedly promoted abortion overseas in violation of clear U.S. law. The legal office is responsible for interpreting how, when, and where U.S. laws are applied across the full range of U.S. diplomatic engagement and foreign assistance programs. Given her negligence in applying longstanding, clear-cut laws restricting abortion advocacy at USAID and the lack of enforcement, I have zero confidence in her willingness and ability to manage this enormous responsibility at the Department of State. In addition to these concerns, I have an even additional reason for that, and that is the fact that the State Department refuses to share the information about Rob Malley's suspended security clearance. Mr. Malley was U.S. Special Envoy to Iran and was engaged in back-channel talks with the regime. Last April, his security clearance was suspended without explanation. For over a year now, I and Democrats have asked for information on the suspension: Can the Department confirm Mr. Malley mishandled classified information by storing secret documents in his personal email? Did he send this information to anyone before he was allegedly hacked and information was stolen? Why hasn't the Department of Justice charged him? I get no answers to these; neither do the Democrats. The State Department admits they have this information but refuses to give it to us. In light of all of the above, I cannot support and will not vote for Ms. Taylor's nomination and encourage my colleagues to do likewise.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, as a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, each month I recognize and celebrate the American entrepreneurial spirit by highlighting the success of a small business in my home State of Idaho. Today, I am pleased to honor Millhollow as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for July 2024. Established in 1982, Millhollow was the first soft-frozen yogurt shop in southeast Idaho. Founded by Joe Romney after he moved from San Luis Obispo, CA, to Rexburg, ID, the shop brought a ``taste of California,'' job opportunities, and real-world experiences to the community and Joe's three children. When Joe's son, Aaron, returned from his church mission in Argentina, Aaron took over the family restaurant. Over the years, Millhollow gained significant popularity, and Aaron and his wife Connie decided to expand the restaurant. In 1995, they opened a new location in downtown Rexburg, extending the menu to include toasted sandwiches, salads, catering, and more. Driven by Joe's vision to provide his children with the chance to learn about responsibility and instill in them a strong work ethic, Millhollow continues to give the next generation an opportunity to give back to their community. Aaron and Connie carried forward this ``all hands-on deck'' approach to foster a work environment where Idaho's youth can actively contribute to the restaurant's operations and growth. Congratulations to the Romneys and all the employees at Millhollow on their selection as the Idaho Small Business of the Month for July 2024. Thank you for serving Idaho as small business owners and entrepreneurs. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, I rise today to recognize and celebrate the 100th anniversary of the Caldwell Night Rodeo. This weeklong event is a cherished tradition in Canyon County, showcasing the best of rodeo excellence and capturing the hearts of over 50,000 fans throughout 5 action-packed nights every year. In 1922, the Idaho National Guard horse calvary unit faced disbandment by the Federal Government unless proper stables and a riding hall were constructed. The National Guard, in collaboration with the Caldwell commercial business club, established the Caldwell Amusement Association to raise funds for a new rodeo arena, grandstands, and a racetrack. The inaugural rodeo was held from October 2-4, 1924, in the form of a gymkhana. The event included drills, races, and contests, with the only traditional rodeo event being a bucking horse contest that attracted the top cowboys within a 50-mile radius. The Caldwell Night Rodeo now stands among the Nation's Top 20 Professional Rodeos, ranks within the Top 5 Large Outdoor Rodeos, and pioneered the nighttime rodeo trend in the Pacific Northwest. The arena comes alive with over 700 top-tier participants and seven dynamic nightly events. The rodeo offers an immersive experience as the audience, consisting of ``Rowdies'' and traditional ``Civies,'' actively contribute to the vibrant atmosphere. Through its mission to preserve and promote Western heritage, entertain the American family, and partner with charities, youth, and nonprofit organizations, the Caldwell Night Rodeo has made a significant difference in the Caldwell community. With the help of over 500 volunteers and the support of more than 100 community business and media sponsors, the rodeo raises thousands of dollars each year for local causes. Since its establishment, the Caldwell Night Rodeo Foundation has granted more than $262,000 in youth scholarships, livestock purchases for 4H and FFA, and sponsored other youth activities. In addition to its charitable contributions, the Caldwell Night Rodeo is estimated to have an annual economic impact of $10 to $12 million to the city of Caldwell. The Caldwell Night Rodeo serves as the hometown rodeo of the Man Up Crusade, a nonprofit organization that raises awareness of domestic violence at professional rodeo venues across the Nation. During Wednesday's events, attendees are encouraged to wear purple to stand up and ``man up'' against domestic violence. The Caldwell Night Rodeo also hosts a first responder family night, a cancer awareness night--known as CNR Strong--and Patriot Night to recognize servicemembers and veterans. The Caldwell Night Rodeo's 100-year anniversary is a testament to its legacy and the remarkable impact on the community of Caldwell. We commend the organizers, volunteers, participants, and sponsors for their dedication and contributions to this outstanding event. May the Caldwell Night Rodeo continue to thrive and bring joy to the community for years to come.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, with my colleagues Senator Mike Crapo and Congressman Mike Simpson, I rise today to recognize the career and service of Dr. Rick Aman, president of the College of Eastern Idaho--CEI--in Idaho Falls. As president for more than 8 years, Dr. Aman's leadership and service will be missed by the CEI community and all of eastern Idaho. Originally from Oregon, Dr. Aman was commissioned as a U.S. Air Force officer and spent 4 years as an Active-Duty pilot before returning to the Portland area as an Air Force Reserve instructor pilot. He retired as a lieutenant colonel after 21 years of service and 5,000 flight hours. Dr. Aman later earned a doctorate in community college leadership from Oregon State University. Dr. Aman's community college administration career began in 1992 at Portland Community College where he spent 16 years in teaching and administrative positions at various campuses around Portland. Prior to his role at CEI, Dr. Aman was the vice president of instruction and student affairs at the College of Western Idaho--CWI--from 2008 to 2012. Dr. Aman led the then-startup CWI in instruction, curriculum development, and student affairs. In 2015, Dr. Aman joined Eastern Idaho Technical College--EITC--and was named the first president of College of Eastern Idaho, following the school's transition from a technical school to a community college. While at CEI, Dr. Aman facilitated significant changes and collaborations between the school and community to better improve workforce training opportunities for students. In collaboration with the Idaho National Laboratory--INL--CEI students have access to work force training and internship experience. Thanks to INL's $1 million donation, CEI's new 90,000-square-foot Future Tech Building will be completed in 2026 and provide additional workforce training opportunities. Dr. Aman successfully negotiated an articulation agreement with Idaho State University and separately received accreditation approval for CEI to offer bachelor's degrees in digital forensics and analytics and operations management, a significant accomplishment for a community college. Among Dr. Aman's community involvement, he sits on the board of the Leaders in Nuclear Energy--LINE--Commission and is on the executive board for the Regional Economic Development Council in Eastern Idaho. Dr. Aman was appointed to the Western Interstate Commission on Higher Education--WICHE--Commission and serves on the executive commission as a representative from Idaho. He also serves on a variety of local nonprofit boards and is a member of many civic organizations. It is our great honor to congratulate Dr. Rick Aman and thank him for his years of service. We wish him the best of luck following his retirement from the College of Eastern Idaho.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Mr. President, I rise today, along with my colleagues Senator Mike Crapo, Representative Mike Simpson, and Representative Russ Fulcher, to recognize MG Michael J. Garshak on his retirement from the National Guard and his distinguished service as the Adjutant General of Idaho. Major General Garshak has dedicated over three decades of his life to serving our Nation and the State of Idaho. He began his military career in 1987 when he received a commission as an aviation officer through the Army Reserve Officer Training Corps at Northern Arizona University. Major General Garshak has demonstrated exceptional leadership, professionalism, and commitment to duty throughout his career. During his Active-Duty service, Major General Garshak served as an Apache attack helicopter platoon leader in Desert Shield/Desert Storm. He also served as an Apache helicopter instructor pilot at Ft. Rucker, AL. In 1993, he joined the Idaho National Guard and served with the 1-183rd Aviation Regiment. He deployed as the 1-183rd Aviation Task Force Commander to Bosnia-Herzegovina from 2002-2003. His career of distinguished service and leadership ultimately led to his 2017 appointment by Governor Butch Otter to serve as the Adjutant General of Idaho. Major General Garshak's dedication to his craft is evident through his extensive education and training. He holds a bachelor of science in business administration from Northern Arizona University and a master of science in strategic studies from the U.S. Army War College. He has also completed numerous military schools, including the Aviation Officer Basic Course, Officer Rotary Wing Aviator Course, AH-64 Aircraft Qualification Course, AH-64 Instructor Pilot Course, and the UH-60 Aircraft Qualification Course. Throughout his career, Major General Garshak held various command and staff positions, including aviation battalion and group commander, State Army aviation officer, G3 operations officer, and chief of staff of the Idaho Army National Guard. His leadership and expertise have been instrumental in ensuring the readiness, effectiveness, and future of the Idaho National Guard. Major General Garshak's contributions have been recognized with numerous awards and decorations, including the Legion of Merit, Meritorious Service Medal, Air Medal, Army Commendation Medal, Army Achievement Medal, and the Army Reserve Components Achievement Medal. Beyond his military accomplishments, Major General Garshak has been actively involved in professional organizations and has made significant contributions to the Idaho community. He has served as an executive board member of the Idaho National Guard Officer's Association and is a member of the National Guard Association of the United States and the U.S. Army War College Alumni Association. Please join us in expressing our deepest gratitude and appreciation to MG Michael Garshak for the exemplary service to our Nation and the State of Idaho. His leadership, dedication, and selfless commitment to duty have made a lasting impact on the Idaho National Guard and the lives of countless servicemembers. We wish him a well-deserved and fulfilling retirement.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Madam President, Idaho small businesses are the backbone of our economy and our communities. These small businesses not only employ friends and neighbors, but they showcase Idaho's creativity and values. Idaho small businesses provide invaluable goods and services and are an intrinsic element of the Gem State. These small businesses deserve to be celebrated for the integral role they play in our communities. I am proud to relaunch Support Local Gems, a statewide initiative, on June 7, to encourage Idahoans to support the small businesses that make the Gem State special. As a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, I am pleased to honor Axe Force One as one of Idaho's Small Businesses of the Month for June 2024. Doug Duncan opened Axe Force One in 2019 following a business trip where he tried the thrilling sport of axe throwing for the first time. Doug knew this adrenaline-pumping pastime would be a hit in Coeur d'Alene. Axe Force One's nine throwing lanes, arcade, pool table, and corn hole set provide plenty of activities for both first-time axe throwers and axe throwing regulars. Expert instructors assist in axe throwers' pursuit of a bullseye, while ensuring a safe experience for everyone. Axe Force One is also a gathering place for the community and church groups and is an entertaining team-building experience for north Idaho. Congratulations to Doug Duncan and all of the employees at Axe Force One for being selected as an Idaho Small Business of the Month for June 2024. You are an outstanding example of what it means to be one of Idaho's Local Gems. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Madam President, Idaho small businesses are the backbone of our economy and our communities. These small businesses not only employ friends and neighbors, but they showcase Idaho's creativity and values. Idaho small businesses provide invaluable goods and services and are an intrinsic element of the Gem State. These small businesses deserve to be celebrated for the integral role they play in our communities. I am proud to relaunch Support Local Gems, a statewide initiative, on June 7, to encourage Idahoans to support the small businesses that make the Gem State special. As a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, I am pleased to honor Manwaring Cheese as one of Idaho's Small Businesses of the Month for June 2024. Basil Manwaring opened Manwaring Cheese in Ashton in 1955. Basil grew up on a dairy farm, working with his father Arthur and siblings to deliver milk on a horse-pulled dairy wagon. Basil met his wife Edna at a creamery in Blackfoot and later attended Utah State University, where he managed the school dairy--made ice cream, cheese, and butter. After graduating, Basil returned to Idaho to work for the Nelson-Ricks Creamery in Rexburg until he purchased the plant in Ashton. The Manwarings operated the plant in Ashton for 16 years before building a new facility in Rigby in 1971. Basil passed away in 1972, but Edna and their children maintained operations through the late 1980s. In 2011, Basil's son, Blake, carried on the Manwaring's dairy appreciation and opened a new location in Rigby. Manwaring Cheese relocated to its current location in Idaho Falls in 2019, where it continues to provide great grilled cheeses, ice cream, cheese curds, and more. Congratulations to the Manwarings and all of the employees at Manwaring Cheese for being selected as an Idaho Small Business of the Month for June 2024. You are an outstanding example of what it means to be one of Idaho's Local Gems. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Madam President, Idaho small businesses are the backbone of our economy and our communities. These small businesses not only employ friends and neighbors, but they showcase Idaho's creativity and values. Idaho small businesses provide invaluable goods and services and are an intrinsic element of the Gem State. These small businesses deserve to be celebrated for the integral role they play in our communities. I am proud to relaunch Support Local Gems, a statewide initiative, on June 7, to encourage Idahoans to support the small businesses that make the Gem State special. As a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, I am pleased to honor Hands On as one of Idaho's Small Businesses of the Month for June 2024. Hands On has served as a creative outlet for Twin Falls since 2003. The corner paint-your-own pottery studio came to light following a family vacation to Italy when Robin Dober hoped to purchase ceramic pieces, but couldn't figure out how to safely travel back to Idaho with them. With no background in pottery, Robin hired a consultant and Hands On opened 3 months later. In 2016, Ashley Dubois acquired the studio. Hands On is designed for all ages and all skill levels, offering canvas, clay making, and clay throwing courses. Last year, Hands On celebrated 20 years in business with a full day of activities for the Magic Valley. Robin and Ashley have ensured that Hands On is an accessible outlet for everyone to slow down and lean into their creative side. Congratulations to Ashley Dubois and all of the employees at Hands On for being selected as an Idaho Small Business of the Month for June 2024. You are an outstanding example of what it means to be one of Idaho's Local Gems. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.

Mr. RISCH

Mr. RISCH. Madam President, Idaho small businesses are the backbone of our economy and our communities. These small businesses not only employ friends and neighbors, but they showcase Idaho's creativity and values. Idaho small businesses provide invaluable goods and services and are an intrinsic element of the Gem State. These small businesses deserve to be celebrated for the integral role they play in our communities. I am proud to relaunch Support Local Gems, a statewide initiative, on June 7, to encourage Idahoans to support the small businesses that make the Gem State special. As a member and former chairman of the Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, I am pleased to honor The Eddy as one of Idaho's Small Businesses of the Month for June 2024. Ed Lodge opened The Eddy in July 2023. As a lifelong Idahoan and avid river-sport enthusiast, Ed aspired to create a place of rest and rejuvenation for the Marsing community. The Eddy, named after the calm waters after a rapid, offers locals or visitors pastries, beer, wine, and locally sourced coffee. Hundreds of cars pass by The Eddy along Highway 55 every day; whether it is the first or last stop for people visiting Idaho or traveling from neighboring States, Ed created a place that no one will forget. Ed's goal for The Eddy is to give back to the community and use his small business to support the small businesses around him. In addition to the local products they sell, all of the furniture, stools, and tables in the building were sourced and made by a local welder. Nearing the 1-year anniversary of The Eddy, Ed has big plans to create an outdoor concert space, covered patio with outdoor seating, and food truck hookups for local vendors to continue supporting an already thriving and growing community. Congratulations to Ed Lodge and all of the employees at The Eddy for being selected as an Idaho Small Business of the Month for June 2024. You are an outstanding example of what it means to be one of Idaho's Local Gems. You make our great State proud, and I look forward to your continued growth and success.